Abstract
Introduction
Restoration of mechanical axis is one of the main aims during Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. Treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee with extra-articular deformity either in femur or in tibia poses a technical challenge in achieving this aim. Insufficient correction of axis is associated with poor clinical outcome of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Extra-articular deformity can either be addressed with compensatory intra-articular bone resection at the time of TKA or correctional osteotomy prior to or at the time of TKA.
Patients & Methods & Results
We present our experience of treating 7 patients with knee arthritis (9 knees) and significant extra-articular deformity.
Two patients had OA knee with severe valgus deformity in tibia from recurrent stress fractures. One was treated with one-stage corrective osteotomy and long stem modular TKA. The other had deformity correction with two level tibial osteotomy with intramedullary nail and modular long stem TKA later. Both required tibial tubercle osteotomy during TKA.
Two patients with bilateral OA knees and significant varus deformity had sequential deformity correction with Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF) followed by TKA on one side and a single stage intra-articular correction during TKA on the other.
Three patients with knee OA and associated deformity (femoral - two pt., tibia one pt.) had symptom resolution with just correction of malaligment with Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF) and did not require TKA.
Conclusion
Complex extra-articular femoral or tibial deformities may require proper limb realignment prior to TKA. Our series supports all three approaches to correcting significant extra-articular deformity with knee OA. Each case should be considered individually and planned accordingly.
