Abstract
Bone cement reaches high temperatures while polymerising. Bone has been shown to be sensitive to thermal injury with osteonecrosis reported after one minute at 47°C. Necrosis during cementing might compromise the bone-cement interface. Some surgeons fill the joint cavity with irrigation fluid to provide a heatsink during cementing, but this has not been supported by research.
We used a model acetabulum in a bovine humerus to allow measurement of bone temperatures in cementing. Models were prepared with a 50mm diameter acetabulum and three temperature probe holes. Four warmed models were cemented with Palacos RG using a standard mixing system and a 10mm UMHWPE disc to represent an acetabular component. Two of the acetabular models were filled with room temperature water to provide a heatsink. An electronic probe measured temperature at 5 second intervals from the moment of cementing.
In the models with no heatsink, peak temperature was 40.3°C. The highest temperature rise was 7.5°C. In the models with a heatsink, there was a mean fall of 4.4°C.
These results suggest that using a heatsink while cementing prostheses may reduce the peak bone temperature.
