Abstract
Injury to the syndesmosis occurs in approximately 10% of all patients with ankle fractures. Anatomic restoration of the syndesmosis is the only significant predictor of functional outcome. Several techniques of syndesmosis fixation are currently used such as cortical screws, bioabsorbable screws and more recently introduced suture-button fixation. No single technique has been shown to be superior to the others.
The objective of this research project is to investigate whether treatment with a tightrope (suture-button fixation) gives superior results than the use of a cortical screw in the treatment of acute syndesmotic ankle injuries with regards to function, pain, satisfaction and return to normal activities.
Research Ethics Committee approval was obtained. 40 patients with syndesmotic ankle injuries associated with diastasis were prospectively recruited, 20 in each group. Patients were randomized to one of the 2 groups. At 12 weeks, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores and a computerized tomography (CT) scan of both the ankles was obtained. At 1 year, AOFAS scores and satisfaction was assessed.
32 patients have been recruited so far, 20 in the tightrope group and 12 in the cortical screw group. Mean AOFAS scores at 3 months post-op were 90.67 in the Tightrope group and 84 in the screw group. The difference was not significant (p= 0.096). CT scans revealed that the quality of syndesmosis reduction was equally good with both the techniques. Metalwork prominence was common with both the devices.
Discussion and Conclusion
Both the devices achieved good reduction of the syndesmosis. Our CT scan protocol has insignificant radiation risk and allows more accurate assessment of the syndesmosis. Early clinical results do not show a significant difference in the functional outcome with the use of either device. Long-term (1 year) follow-up has been planned.
