BLOOD TRANSFUSION FROM REINFUSION SYSTEMS IN TKA–COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT WOUND DRAINAGE TECHNIQUES

Abstract

Introduction: The benefits of postoperative wound drainage in patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with regards to mobilisation and wound healing were studied. We wanted to determine the efficacy of an autologous blood retransfusion system.

Materials and Methods: 150 patients with TKA were divided into three groups of 50 patients:

1. A) Three wound drainages with an autotransfusion system and suction;

2. B) no wound drainage;

3. C) one intraarticular wound drainage without suction.

Haemoglobin values, blood transfusion requirements, blood loss, postoperative range of motion, knee society score and rate of complications were observed and recorded. All patients were operated without tourniques for lower blood loss during total knee replacement.

Results: In the group of patients with wound drainage and a retransfusion system the requirement of postoperative additional blood transfusion was not significantly less than in the group without wound drainage. Group A had the most blood loss of all. The group without wound drainage had more haematoma and wound healing complications. Best results were observed within the group with one intraarticular drainage without suction. The rate of complications was not increased and the blood transfusion requirements were the lowest.

Conclusion: This study shows that total knee replacement involving one intraarticular wound drainage without suction attains the best results. During the last four years we used this wound drainage technique in 787 TKAs and can confirm all findings of this study.