Abstract
A 12 year old girl presented with a history of intermittent pain in her left knee since she started walking. She was seen in the vascular clinic due to engorged veins in her left leg and was diagnosis of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome was made. Her knee pain worsened and an orthopaedic opinion was obtained. A history of repeated knee effusion and swelling was noted.
Examination revealed partial gigantism of the left leg and reduced range of motion of the knee. There was soft tissue swelling of the knee with no effusion. Blood investigations were normal. X-rays showed an arthritic joint. MRI scans revealed synovial thickening and a vascular malformation suggesting a synovial haemangioma. She underwent Radical Open Synovectomy and excision of the haemangioma. Blood loss was minimal. Extensive haemosiderin deposition was noted along with Grade IV arthritic changes. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. Surgeons have been reluctant to excise synovial hemangiomas due to the risk of haemorrhage.
A recent paper from Switzerland suggested excision was possible with minimal blood loss. Haemosiderin deposition due to recurrent haemarthrosis may predispose to articular damage. We recommend early excision of synovial haemangiomas to minimise articular damage.
Correspondence should be addressed to BSCOS, c/o Royal College of Surgeons, 35 – 43 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PN
