Abstract
Background: Metal-on-metal (MOM) bearing surfaces with low diametric clearance possess a surface tension that prevents easy separation of the surfaces when lubricated. Potentially this ‘suction-fit’ may increase the torque required for dislocation. This study assessed the protective role of a MOM bearing surface as a single risk factor for dislocation.
Method: Prospective data was recorded on a series of 229 patients undergoing 249 primary THR for osteoarthritis. From 1993–8, patients under 70 years old were routinely given a 28mm ceramic-on-polyethylene (COP) bearing surface. Due to a high dislocation rate (see results below), an alternative was sought (1998–2001) and a 28mm metal-on-metal (MOM) bearing system chosen. For all cases in both groups, the acetabulum was uncemented with a modular 10° posterior lip insert allowing the same primary arc range (Duraloc/PFC/ Ultima, Johnson & Johnson). The cemented femoral component was the same in all cases (Ultima). All operations were performed by the same surgeon using the posterior approach. Variables in patient and prosthesis factors were compared. Statistical analysis was performed by the Chi-square and student’s t-test where appropriate.
Results: We identified 140 THR in 129 patients who received a COP bearing and 109 THR in 100 patients who received a MOM bearing. Nine of 140 (6.4%) COP bearings dislocated within 3 months of surgery compared to 1 of 109 (0.9%) in the MOM group (p=0.028). No significant differences were identified between groups when comparing factors relating to the patient or prosthesis.
Discussion: This study has shown a high dislocation rate for a COP bearing that was reduced to a low dislocation rate by changing the bearing surface to a MOM design. A potential mechanism for this may be the ‘suction fit’ from the surface tension of the low clearance, high tolerance that the metal-on-metal bearing possesses, requiring increased torque to dislocate during impingement.
These abstracts were prepared by Mr Peter Kay. Correspondence should be addressed to him at The Hip Centre, Wrightington Hospital, Appley Bridge, Wigan, Lancashire WN6 9EP.
