Abstract
Fixed flexion deformity is common in neglected cases of advanced arthritis of the knee.
The need and means of complete correction of fixed flexion deformity remains controversial. We analysed 60 patients of advanced arthritis with severe flexion deformity > 300 who underwent total knee arthroplasty between January 2002 to January 2008. The age ranged from 54 to 78 years (mean age of 62 years). All surgeries were performed using posterior cruciate substituting implant. Patients were followed for an average period of 42 months.
All patients were operated in a single stage. Distal femoral over-resection was done in addition to posterior, postero-medial and postero-lateral release. Posterior release was done upto the linea aspera. In 2 cases posterior capsular was released directly. A criteria was developed for sequential release on the basis of degree of flexion deformity.
Flexion deformity was fully corrected in 48 cases where as 50 of residual flexion remained in 5 cases with preoperative deformity of 40–600 and 100 residual flexion remained in 6 cases with preoperative deformity > 600. One patient with pre op fixed flexion deformity of 90* had to be treated with arthrodesis.
Our experience suggest that predetermined routine femoral over-resection in moderate to severe flexion deformity prior to balancing knee is not fraught with complications if our criteria are followed. Additional bony cuts (over-resection) and posterior soft tissue release is complementary to each other in correction of flexion deformity and it should be a sequential release. This technique saves time, reduces intraoperative difficulties and helps to correct flexion deformity maximally.
Correspondence should be addressed to Diane Przepiorski at ISTA, PO Box 6564, Auburn, CA 95604, USA. Phone: +1 916-454-9884; Fax: +1 916-454-9882; E-mail: ista@pacbell.net
