In this randomised controlled trial, we evaluated
the role of elastic compression using ankle injury stockings (AIS)
in the management of fractures of the ankle. A total of 90 patients
with a mean age of 47 years (16 to 79) were treated within 72 hours
of presentation with a fracture of the ankle, 31 of whom were treated
operatively and 59 conservatively, were randomised to be treated
either with compression by AIS plus an Aircast boot or Tubigrip
plus an Aircast boot. Male to female ratio was 36:54. The primary
outcome measure was the functional Olerud–Molander ankle score (OMAS).
The secondary outcome measures were; the American Orthopaedic Foot
and Ankle Society score (AOFAS); the Short Form (SF)-12v2 Quality
of Life score; and the frequency of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Compression using AIS reduced swelling of the ankle at all time
points and improved the mean OMAS score at six months to 98 (95%
confidence interval (CI) 96 to 99) compared with a mean of 67 (95%
CI 62 to 73) for the Tubigrip group (p <
0.001). The mean AOFAS
and SF-12v2 scores at six months were also significantly improved
by compression. Of 86 patients with duplex imaging at four weeks,
five (12%) of 43 in the AIS group and ten (23%) of 43 in the Tubigrip
group developed a DVT (p = 0.26). Compression improved functional outcome and quality of life following
fracture of the ankle. DVTs were frequent, but a larger study would
be needed to confirm that compression with AISs reduces the incidence
of DVT. Cite this article:
After total knee replacement a 57-year-old woman developed increasing pain in her left calf on exercise. This was due to erosion of the popliteal artery by a spur of cement. Removal of the spur with resection and Dacron grafting of the damaged section of the vessel cured her symptoms.
