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Aims

To evaluate mid-to long-term patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of endoprosthetic reconstruction after resection of malignant tumours arising around the knee, and to investigate the risk factors for unfavourable PROMs.

Methods

The medical records of 75 patients who underwent surgery between 2000 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed, and 44 patients who were alive and available for follow-up (at a mean of 9.7 years postoperatively) were included in the study. Leg length discrepancy was measured on whole-leg radiographs, and functional assessment was performed with PROMs (Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) and Comprehensive Outcome Measure for Musculoskeletal Oncology Lower Extremity (COMMON-LE)) with two different aspects. The thresholds for unfavourable PROMs were determined using anchor questions regarding satisfaction, and the risk factors for unfavourable PROMs were investigated.


The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 102-B, Issue 12 | Pages 1743 - 1751
1 Dec 2020
Lex JR Evans S Cool P Gregory J Ashford RU Rankin KS Cosker T Kumar A Gerrand C Stevenson J

Aims

Malignancy and surgery are risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). We undertook a systematic review of the literature concerning the prophylactic management of VTE in orthopaedic oncology patients.

Methods

MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE (Ovid), Cochrane, and CINAHL databases were searched focusing on VTE, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), bleeding, or wound complication rates.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 94-B, Issue 9 | Pages 1282 - 1287
1 Sep 2012
Mottard S Grimer RJ Abudu A Carter SR Tillman RM Jeys L Spooner D

The purpose of this study was to assess the outcome of 15 patients (mean age 13.6 years (7 to 25)) with a primary sarcoma of the tibial diaphysis who had undergone excision of the affected segment that was then irradiated (90 Gy) and reimplanted with an ipsilateral vascularised fibular graft within it.

The mean follow-up was 57 months (22 to 99). The mean time to full weight-bearing was 23 weeks (9 to 57) and to complete radiological union 42.1 weeks (33 to 55). Of the 15 patients, seven required a further operation, four to obtain skin cover. The mean Musculoskeletal Society Tumor Society functional score at final follow-up was 27 out of 30 once union was complete. The functional results were comparable with those of allograft reconstruction and had a similar rate of complication.

We believe this to be a satisfactory method of biological reconstruction of the tibial diaphysis in selected patients.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 89-B, Issue 8 | Pages 1077 - 1083
1 Aug 2007
Tsuchiya H Morsy AF Matsubara H Watanabe K Abdel-Wanis ME Tomita K

We present a retrospective study of patients suffering from a variety of benign tumours in whom external fixators were used to treat deformity and limb-length discrepancy, and for the reconstruction of bone defects. A total of 43 limbs in 31 patients (12 male and 19 female) with a mean age of 14 years (2 to 54) were treated.

The diagnosis was Ollier’s disease in 12 limbs, fibrous dysplasia in 11, osteochondroma in eight, giant cell tumour in five, osteofibrous dysplasia in five and non-ossifying fibroma in two. The lesions were treated in the tibia in 19 limbs, in the femur in 16, and in the forearm in eight. The Ilizarov frame was used in 25 limbs, the Taylor Spatial Frame in seven, the Orthofix fixator in six, the Monotube in four and the Heidelberg fixator in one. The mean follow-up was 72 months (22 to 221).

The mean external fixation period was 168 days (71 to 352). The mean external fixation index was 42 days/cm (22.2 to 102.0) in the 22 patients who required limb lengthening. The mean correction angle for those with angular deformity was 23° (7° to 45°).

At final follow-up all patients had returned to normal activities. Four patients required a second operation for recurrent deformity of further limb lengthening. Local recurrence occurred in one patient, requiring further surgery.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 91-B, Issue 2 | Pages 234 - 239
1 Feb 2009
Puri A Subin BS Agarwal MG

We evaluated the results of fibular centralisation as a stand alone technique to reconstruct defects that occurred after resection of tumours involving the tibial diaphysis and distal metaphysis.

Between January 2003 and December 2006, 15 patients underwent excision of tumours of the tibial diaphysis or distal metaphysis and reconstruction by fibular centralisation. Their mean age was 17 years (7 to 40). Two patients were excluded; one died from the complications of chemotherapy and a second needed a below-knee amputation for a recurrent giant-cell tumour. A total of 13 patients were reviewed after a mean follow-up of 29 months (16 to 48). Only 16 of 26 host graft junctions united primarily. Ten junctions in ten patients needed one or more further procedure before union was achieved. At final follow-up 12 of the 13 patients had fully united grafts; 11 walked without aids. The mean time to union at the junctions that united was 12 months (3 to 36). The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score was 24.7 (16 to 30).

Fibular centralisation is a durable reconstruction for defects of the tibial diaphysis and distal metaphysis with an acceptable functional outcome. Stable osteosynthesis is the key to successful union. Additional bone grafting is recommended for patients who need postoperative radiotherapy.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 90-B, Issue 5 | Pages 648 - 651
1 May 2008
George B Abudu A Grimer RJ Carter SR Tillman RM

We report our experience of treating 17 patients with benign lesions of the proximal femur with non-vascularised, autologous fibular strut grafts, without osteosynthesis. The mean age of the patients at presentation was 16.5 years (5 to 33) and they were followed up for a mean of 2.9 years (0.4 to 19.5). Histological diagnoses included simple bone cyst, fibrous dysplasia, aneurysmal bone cysts and giant cell tumour. Local recurrence occurred in two patients (11.7%) and superficial wound infection, chronic hip pain and deep venous thrombosis occurred in three. Pathological fracture did not occur in any patient following the procedure.

We conclude that non-vascularised fibular strut grafts are a safe and satisfactory method of treating benign lesions of the proximal femur.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 90-B, Issue 7 | Pages 929 - 933
1 Jul 2008
Billing V Mertens F Domanski HA Rydholm A

Deep-seated lipomas are often atypical histologically and are considered by some to have a high risk of recurrence after excision. We reviewed 215 deep-seated lipomas of the extremities and trunk wall with reference to histology, cytogenetics, clinical features and local recurrence. We classified tumours with atypical features and/or ring chromosomes as atypical lipomas. These were more common in men, larger than ordinary lipomas and more often located in the upper leg. The annual incidence was estimated as ten per million inhabitants and the ratio of atypical to ordinary lipomas was 1:3. In total, six tumours (3%), recurred locally after a median of eight years (1 to 16); of these, four were classified as atypical.

The low recurrence rate of deep-seated lipomas of the extremity or trunk wall, irrespective of histological subtype, implies that if surgery is indicated, the tumour may be shelled out, that atypical lipomas in these locations do not deserve the designation well-differentiated liposarcoma, and that routine review after surgery is not required.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 88-B, Issue 12 | Pages 1647 - 1651
1 Dec 2006
Issakov J Soyfer V Kollender Y Bickels J Meller I Merimsky O

Between December 1995 and March 2003, 38 adult patients with intermediate or high-grade liposarcoma in a limb were treated by limb-sparing surgery and post-operative radiotherapy. The ten-year local recurrence-free survival was 83%, the ten-year metastasis-free survival 61%, the ten-year disease-free survival 51% and the ten-year overall survival 67%. Analysis of failure and success showed no association with the age of the patients, gender, the location of the primary tumour, the type of liposarcoma and the quality of resection.

Our results indicate that liposarcoma may recur even ten years after the end of definitive therapy and may spread to unexpected sites as for soft-tissue sarcoma.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 89-B, Issue 2 | Pages 215 - 221
1 Feb 2007
Krieg AH Hefti F

We evaluated 31 patients who were treated with a non-vascularised fibular graft after resection of primary musculoskeletal tumours, with a median follow-up of 5.6 years (3 to 26.7 years). Primary union was achieved in 89% (41 of 46) of the grafts in a median period of 24 weeks. All 25 grafts in 18 patients without additional chemotheraphy and/or radiotherapy achieved primary union, compared with 16 of the 21 grafts (76%; 13 patients) with additional therapy (p = 0.017). Radiographs showed an increase in diameter in 70% (59) of the grafts. There were seven fatigue fractures in six patients, but only two needed treatment.

Non-vascularised fibular transfer is a simpler, less expensive and a shorter procedure than the use of vascularised grafts and allows remodelling of the fibula at the donor site. It is a biological reconstruction with good long-term results, and a relatively low donor site complication rate of 16%.