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The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 89-B, Issue 5 | Pages 567 - 573
1 May 2007
Keegan GM Learmonth ID Case CP

The long-term effects of metal-on-metal arthroplasty are currently under scrutiny because of the potential biological effects of metal wear debris. This review summarises data describing the release, dissemination, uptake, biological activity, and potential toxicity of metal wear debris released from alloys currently used in modern orthopaedics. The introduction of risk assessment for the evaluation of metal alloys and their use in arthroplasty patients is discussed and this should include potential harmful effects on immunity, reproduction, the kidney, developmental toxicity, the nervous system and carcinogenesis.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 92-B, Issue 12 | Pages 1622 - 1627
1 Dec 2010
Nathan ST Fisher BE Roberts CS

Coccydynia is a painful disorder characterised by coccygeal pain which is typically exaggerated by pressure. It remains an unsolved mystery because of the perceived unpredictability of the origin of the pain, some psychological traits that may be associated with the disorder, the presence of diverse treatment options, and varied outcomes. A more detailed classification based on the aetiology and pathoanatomy of coccydynia helps to identify patients who may benefit from conservative and surgical management.

This review focuses on the pathoanatomy, aetiology, clinical features, radiology, treatment and outcome of coccydynia.


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 87-B, Issue 12 | Pages 1595 - 1604
1 Dec 2005
Hadjipavlou AG Tzermiadianos MN Katonis PG Szpalski M


The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery British Volume
Vol. 88-B, Issue 1 | Pages 2 - 7
1 Jan 2006
Lemaire R