We evaluated the use of surgical stabilisation for atlantoaxial
1. The case is described of an eight-year-old girl with the Morquio syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type IV) who died from acute tetraplegia, due to atlanto-axial
An electromyographic investigation of patients with
We reviewed 25 children who presented consecutively with voluntary (habitual)
We have examined whether the rotatory
1. Eight patients are described in whom the patellae subluxated laterally on every extension of the knee. This is an unusual type of recurrent
In 1957 Somerville and Scott described their "direct approach" to the management of established congenital dislocation of the hip; arthrography after a period of traction served to distinguish the dislocated from the subluxated hip. We review the long-term outcome of hips which, using their criteria, were subluxated; 72 hips have been reviewed at periods ranging from 15 to 37 years after treatment by traction, closed reduction and femoral osteotomy. The results have been classified clinically and radiologically according to Severin's criteria. There was progressive deterioration with age in both clinical function and radiographic appearance: 48.5% of hips showed evidence of dysplasia or
Only a few cases of palmar carpal
1. Dislocation or sublaxation of the inferior radio-ulnar joint in association with fractures of the head of radius is discussed. 2. The incidence of the complication is greater than is generally supposed, and figures are given to support this finding. 3. The
In order to treat painful
We describe a patient with fractures of both bones of the forearm in whom flexible intramedullary nail fixation of the radius alone led to ulnar malunion and a symptomatic distal radio-ulnar joint
We report four children aged two to nine years with traumatic tears of the transverse ligament of the atlas and atlanto-axial
Twenty-one patients with leg-length inequality underwent femoral lengthening using the Wagner technique. When reviewed, seven were found to have varying degrees of posterior
Cervical myelopathy is an uncommon but potentially fatal complication of rheumatoid atlanto-axial
The results obtained in a consecutive series of thirty-seven Pemberton operations for congenital dislocation or
The clinical and radiological state of the hips of a group of children with cerebral palsy treated without operation is compared with that in a group treated by operation to correct adduction and flexion deformity and to obtain balanced action in the hip muscles. In the first group, 11 per cent of hips were dislocated, 28 per cent subluxated, 46 per cent dysplastic and 15 per cent normal. In the second group no hip was dislocated, 13 per cent were subluxated, 35 per cent dysplastic and 52 per cent normal. Surgical intervention is indicated clinically for a range of abduction diminishing to less than 45 degrees and–on radiological criteria–for early dysplastic changes, especially a break in Shenton's line, irrespective of the patient's age, severity of involvement or neurological maturity. Prevention of
We describe a rare form of congenital snapping knee. In six knees in four children, the tibia subluxed anteriorly on the femur when the knee was extended and reduced spontaneously on flexion. The abnormal movements were seen and felt as sudden snaps or clunks at about 30 degrees of flexion. All six knees showed similar dysplastic features, although the patients had different clinical syndromes. The mechanism of the
1. A small personal consecutive series of children with congenital dislocation or
Thirty hips affected by congenital dislocation or