The traditional transosseus flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon
transfer for patients with Achilles tendinopathy requires two incisions
to harvest a long tendon graft. The use of a bio-tenodesis screw
enables a short graft to be used and is less invasive, but lacks
supporting evidence about its biomechanical behaviour. We aimed,
in this study, to compare the strength of the traditional transosseus
tendon-to-tendon fixation with tendon-to-bone fixation using a tenodesis
screw, in cyclical loading and ultimate load testing. Tendon grafts were undertaken in 24 paired lower-leg specimens
and randomly assigned in two groups using fixation with a transosseus
suture (suture group) or a tenodesis screw (screw group). The biomechanical
behaviour was evaluated using cyclical and ultimate loading tests.
The Student’s Aims
Materials and Methods
The aims of this study were to measure sagittal standing and sitting lumbar-pelvic-femoral alignment in patients before and following total hip arthroplasty (THA), and to consider what preoperative factors may influence a change in postoperative pelvic position. A total of 161 patients were considered for inclusion. Patients had a mean age of the remaining 61 years (Aims
Patients and Methods
The aim of this study was to examine the results of the acetabular
distraction technique in achieving implantation of a stable construct,
obtaining biological fixation, and producing healing of chronic
pelvic discontinuity at revision total hip arthroplasty. We identified 32 patients treated between 2006 and 2013 who underwent
acetabular revision for a chronic pelvic discontinuity using acetabular
distraction, and who were radiographically evaluated at a mean of
62 months (25 to 160). Of these patients, 28 (87.5%) were female.
The mean age at the time of revision was 67 years (44 to 86). The patients
represented a continuous series drawn from two institutions that
adhered to an identical operative technique.Aims
Patients and Methods
This study aimed to evaluate implant survival of reverse hybrid
total hip arthroplasty (THA) at medium-term follow-up. A consecutive series of 1082 THAs in 982 patients with mean follow-up
of 7.9 years (5 to 11.3) is presented. Mean age was 69.2 years (21
to 94). Of these, 194 (17.9%) were in patients under 60 years, 663
(61.3%) in female patients and 348 (32.2%) performed by a trainee.
Head size was 28 mm in 953 hips (88.1%) or 32 mm in 129 hips (11.9%).
Survival analysis was performed and subgroups compared using log
rank tests.Aims
Patients and Methods
Fretting and corrosion at the modular head/neck junction, known
as trunnionosis, in total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a cause of adverse
reaction to metal debris (ARMD). We describe the outcome of revision
of metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) THA for ARMD due to trunnionosis
with emphasis on the risk of major complications. A total of 36 patients with a MoP THA who underwent revision
for ARMD due to trunnionosis were identified. Three were excluded
as their revision had been to another metal head. The remaining
33 were revised to a ceramic head with a titanium sleeve. We describe
the presentation, revision findings, and risk of complications in
these patients.Aims
Patients and Methods
Our aim was to evaluate the radiographic characteristics of patients
undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) for the potential of posterior
bony impingement using CT simulations. Virtual CT data from 112 patients who underwent THA were analysed.
There were 40 men and 72 women. Their mean age was 59.1 years (41
to 76). Associations between radiographic characteristics and posterior
bony impingement and the range of external rotation of the hip were
evaluated. In addition, we investigated the effects of pelvic tilt
and the neck/shaft angle and femoral offset on posterior bony impingement.Aims
Patients and Methods
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a posterior
malleolar fragment (PMF), with <
25% ankle joint surface, on
pressure distribution and joint-stability. There is still little
scientific evidence available to advise on the size of PMF, which
is essential to provide treatment. To date, studies show inconsistent
results and recommendations for surgical treatment date from 1940. A total of 12 cadaveric ankles were assigned to two study groups.
A trimalleolar fracture was created, followed by open reduction
and internal fixation. PMF was fixed in Group I, but not in Group
II. Intra-articular pressure was measured and cyclic loading was
performed.Aims
Materials and Methods
Nerve palsy is a well-described complication
following total hip arthroplasty, but is highly distressing and
disabling. A nerve palsy may cause difficulty with the post-operative
rehabilitation, and overall mobility of the patient. Nerve palsy
may result from compression and tension to the affected nerve(s)
during the course of the operation via surgical manipulation and
retractor placement, tension from limb lengthening or compression
from post-operative hematoma. In the literature, hip dysplasia,
lengthening of the leg, the use of an uncemented femoral component, and
female gender are associated with a greater risk of nerve palsy.
We examined our experience at a high-volume, tertiary care referral
centre, and found an overall incidence of 0.3% out of 39 056 primary
hip arthroplasties. Risk factors found to be associated with the
incidence of nerve palsy at our institution included the presence
of spinal stenosis or lumbar disc disease, age younger than 50,
and smoking. If a nerve palsy is diagnosed, imaging is mandatory
and surgical evacuation or compressive haematomas may be beneficial.
As palsies are slow to recover, supportive care such as bracing,
therapy, and reassurance are the mainstays of treatment. Cite this article:
Instability remains a challenging problem in both primary and
revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). Dual mobility components
confer increased stability, but there are concerns about the unique
complications associated with these designs, as well as the long-term
survivorship. We performed a systematic review of all English language articles
dealing with dual mobility THAs published between 2007 and 2016
in the MEDLINE and Embase electronic databases. A total of 54 articles
met inclusion criteria for the final analysis of primary and revision
dual mobility THAs and dual mobility THAs used in the treatment
of fractures of the femoral neck. We analysed the survivorship and
rates of aseptic loosening and of intraprosthetic and extra-articular
dislocation.Aims
Materials and Methods
Tuberculosis (TB) remains endemic in many parts
of the developing world and is increasingly seen in the developed world
due to migration. A total of 1.3 million people die annually from
the disease. Spinal TB is the most common musculoskeletal manifestation,
affecting about 1 to 2% of all cases of TB. The coexistence of HIV,
which is endemic in some regions, adds to the burden and the complexity
of management. This review discusses the epidemiology, clinical presentation,
diagnosis, impact of HIV and both the medical and surgical options
in the management of spinal TB. Cite this article:
Modular or custom-made femoral components have been preferred
for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with a history of Perthes’
disease because of the distortion in the anatomy of the proximal
femur. However, it has not been established whether a monobloc cementless
stem will fit the distorted proximal femur or whether the results
of the procedure are satisfactory in this group of patients. We reviewed 68 consecutive patients who had undergone THA for
childhood Perthes’ disease between June 2003 and December 2008.
There were 35 men and 33 women with a mean age of 48 years (16 to
73) at the time of index arthroplasty. Their mean body mass index
was 24.4 (18.3 to 32.9). Of the 68 hips, 32 were classified as Stulberg
class III and 36 as class IV. The mean pre-operative shortening
of the affected leg was 17.2 mm (5 to 34). The minimum follow-up
was five years (mean 8.5 years; 5.2 to 10).Aims
Patients and Methods
We report the incidence of radiolucent lines (RLLs) using two
flanged acetabular components at total hip arthroplasty (THA) and
the effect of the Rim Cutter. We performed a retrospective review of 300 hips in 292 patients
who underwent primary cemented THA. A contemporary flanged acetabular
component was used with (group 1) and without (group 2) the use
of the Rim Cutter and the Rimfit acetabular component was used with
the Rim Cutter (group 3). RLLs and clinical outcomes were evaluated
immediately post-operatively and at five years post-operatively.Aims
Patients and Methods
The primary aim of this independent prospective randomised trial
was to compare serum metal ion levels for ceramic-on-metal (CoM)
and metal-on-metal (MoM) bearing surfaces in total hip arthroplasty
(THA). Our one-year results demonstrated elevation in metal ion
levels above baseline with no significant difference between the
CoM and MoM groups. This paper reviews the five-year data. The implants used in each patient differed only in respect to
the type of femoral head (ceramic or metal). At five-year follow-up
of the 83 enrolled patients, data from 67 (36 CoM, 31 MoM) was available
for comparison.Aims
Patients and Methods
To investigate whether elective joint arthroplasty performed
at the weekend is associated with a different 30-day mortality We examined the 30-day cumulative mortality rate (Kaplan-Meier)
for all elective hip and knee arthroplasties performed in England
and Wales between 1st April 2003 and 31st December 2014, comprising
118 096 episodes undertaken at the weekend and 1 233 882 episodes
performed on a weekday. We used Cox proportional-hazards regression
models to assess for time-dependent variation and adjusted for identified
risk factors for mortality.Aims
Patients and Methods
We aimed to retrospectively assess the accuracy and safety of
CT navigated pedicle screws and to compare accuracy in the cervical
and thoracic spine (C2-T8) with (COMB) and without (POST) prior
anterior surgery (anterior cervical discectomy or corpectomy and
fusion with ventral plating: ACDF/ACCF). A total of 592 pedicle screws, which were used in 107 consecutively
operated patients (210 COMB, 382 POST), were analysed. The accuracy
of positioning was determined according to the classification of
Gertzbein and Robbins on post-operative CT scans.Aims
Patients and Methods
In order to prevent dislocation of the hip after total hip arthroplasty
(THA), patients have to adhere to precautions in the early post-operative
period. The hypothesis of this study was that a protocol with minimal
precautions after primary THA using the posterolateral approach
would not increase the short-term (less than three months) risk
of dislocation. We prospectively monitored a group of unselected patients undergoing
primary THA managed with standard precautions (n = 109, median age
68.9 years; interquartile range (IQR) 61.2 to 77.3) and a group
who were managed with fewer precautions (n = 108, median age 67.2
years; IQR 59.8 to 73.2). There were no significant differences between
the groups in relation to predisposing risk factors. The diameter
of the femoral head ranged from 28 mm to 36 mm; meticulous soft-tissue
repair was undertaken in all patients. The medical records were
reviewed and all patients were contacted three months post-operatively
to confirm whether they had experienced a dislocation. Aims
Patients and Methods
