Objectives. This systematic review aimed to assess the in vivo and clinical effect of strontium (Sr)-enriched biomaterials in bone formation and/or remodelling. Methods. A systematic search was performed in Pubmed, followed by a two-step selection process. We included in vivo original studies on Sr-containing biomaterials used for
The treatment of chronic osteomyelitis often
includes surgical debridement and filling the resultant void with antibiotic-loaded
polymethylmethacrylate cement, bone grafts or
Objectives. This study aims to assess the correlation of CT-based structural
rigidity analysis with mechanically determined axial rigidity in
normal and metabolically diseased rat
Objectives. Cellular movement and relocalisation are important for many physiologic properties. Local mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from injured tissues and circulating MSCs aid in fracture healing. Cytokines and chemokines such as Stromal cell-derived factor 1(SDF-1) and its receptor chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) play important roles in maintaining mobilisation, trafficking and homing of stem cells from
Objectives. The need for bone tissue supplementation exists in a wide range
of clinical conditions involving surgical reconstruction in limbs,
the spine and skull. The
Impacted
We performed a biomechanical study to compare the augmentation of isolated fractured vertebral bodies using two different
Intermittent treatment with parathyroid hormone (PTH) has an anabolic effect on both intact cancellous and cortical
There have been conflicting reports on the effects of gamma irradiation on the material properties of cortical allograft
Objectives. Distraction osteogenesis (DO) mobilises
Objectives. Microindentation has the potential to measure the stiffness of an individual patient’s
Objectives. Bisphosphonates (BP) are the first-line treatment for preventing fragility fractures. However, concern regarding their efficacy is growing because bisphosphonate is associated with over-suppression of remodelling and accumulation of microcracks. While dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning may show a gain in
Objectives. This study aims to evaluate if micro-CT can work as a method for the 3D assessment and analysis of cancellous
Objectives. Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a demanding procedure, with tibial component subsidence or pain from high tibial strain being potential causes of revision. The optimal position in terms of load transfer has not been documented for lateral UKA. Our aim was to determine the effect of tibial component position on proximal tibial strain. Methods. A total of 16 composite tibias were implanted with an Oxford Domed Lateral Partial Knee implant using cutting guides to define tibial slope and resection depth. Four implant positions were assessed: standard (5° posterior slope); 10° posterior slope; 5° reverse tibial slope; and 4 mm increased tibial resection. Using an electrodynamic axial-torsional materials testing machine (Instron 5565), a compressive load of 1.5 kN was applied at 60 N/s on a meniscal bearing via a matching femoral component. Tibial strain beneath the implant was measured using a calibrated Digital Image Correlation system. Results. A 5° increase in tibial component posterior slope resulted in a 53% increase in mean major principal strain in the posterior tibial zone adjacent to the implant (p = 0.003). The highest strains for all implant positions were recorded in the anterior cortex 2 cm to 3 cm distal to the implant. Posteriorly, strain tended to decrease with increasing distance from the implant. Lateral cortical strain showed no significant relationship with implant position. Conclusion. Relatively small changes in implant position and orientation may significantly affect tibial cortical strain. Avoidance of excessive posterior tibial slope may be advisable during lateral UKA. Cite this article: A. M. Ali, S. D. S. Newman, P. A. Hooper, C. M. Davies, J. P. Cobb. The effect of implant position on
Objectives. To explore the therapeutic potential of combining
In vivo animal experimentation has been one of the cornerstones of biological and biomedical research, particularly in the field of clinical medicine and pharmaceuticals. The conventional in vivo model system is invariably associated with high production costs and strict ethical considerations. These limitations led to the evolution of an ex vivo model system which partially or completely surmounted some of the constraints faced in an in vivo model system. The ex vivo rodent
Objectives. To review the systemic impact of smoking on
Objectives. To compare the therapeutic potential of tissue-engineered constructs (TECs) combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and coral granules from either Acropora or Porites to repair large
Objectives. Interleukin 18 (IL-18) is a regulatory cytokine that degrades the disc matrix.
Objectives. The objective of this study was to compare the elution characteristics,
antimicrobial activity and mechanical properties of antibiotic-loaded
bone cement (ALBC) loaded with powdered antibiotic, powdered antibiotic
with inert filler (xylitol), or liquid antibiotic, particularly focusing
on vancomycin and amphotericin B. Methods. Cement specimens loaded with 2 g of vancomycin or amphotericin
B powder (powder group), 2 g of antibiotic powder and 2 g of xylitol
(xylitol group) or 12 ml of antibiotic solution containing 2 g of
antibiotic (liquid group) were tested. Results. Vancomycin elution was enhanced by 234% in the liquid group and
by 12% in the xylitol group compared with the powder group. Amphotericin
B elution was enhanced by 265% in the liquid group and by 65% in
the xylitol group compared with the powder group. Based on the disk-diffusion
assay, the eluate samples of vancomycin-loaded ALBC of the liquid group
exhibited a significantly larger inhibitory zone than samples of
the powder or the xylitol group. Regarding the ALBCs loaded with
amphotericin B, only the eluate samples of the liquid group exhibited
a clear inhibitory zone, which was not observed in either the xylitol
or the powder groups. The ultimate compressive strength was significantly
reduced in specimens containing liquid antibiotics. Conclusions. Adding vancomycin or amphotericin B antibiotic powder in distilled
water before mixing with