Despite limited clinical scientific backing, an additional trochanteric stabilizing plate (TSP) has been advocated when treating unstable trochanteric fractures with a sliding hip screw (SHS). We aimed to explore whether the TSP would result in less post operative fracture motion, compared to SHS alone. Overall, 31 patients with AO/OTA 31-A2 trochanteric fractures were randomized to either a SHS alone or a SHS with an additional TSP. To compare postoperative fracture motion, radiostereometric analysis (RSA) was performed before and after weightbearing, and then at four, eight, 12, 26, and 52 weeks. With the “after weightbearing” images as baseline, we calculated translations and rotations, including shortening and medialization of the femoral shaft.Aims
Methods
The aim of this study was to describe implant and patient-reported outcome in patients with a unilateral transfemoral amputation (TFA) treated with a bone-anchored, transcutaneous prosthesis. In this cohort study, all patients with a unilateral TFA treated with the Osseointegrated Prostheses for the Rehabilitation of Amputees (OPRA) implant system in Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden, between January 1999 and December 2017 were included. The cohort comprised 111 patients (78 male (70%)), with a mean age 45 years (17 to 70). The main reason for amputation was trauma in 75 (68%) and tumours in 23 (21%). Patients answered the Questionnaire for Persons with Transfemoral Amputation (Q-TFA) before treatment and at two, five, seven, ten, and 15 years’ follow-up. A prosthetic activity grade was assigned to each patient at each timepoint. All mechanical complications, defined as fracture, bending, or wear to any part of the implant system resulting in removal or change, were recorded.Aims
Methods
A total of 20 patients with a depressed fracture
of the lateral tibial plateau (Schatzker II or III) who would undergo open
reduction and internal fixation were randomised to have the metaphyseal
void in the bone filled with either porous titanium granules or
autograft bone. Radiographs were undertaken within one week, after
six weeks, three months, six months, and after 12 months. The primary outcome measure was recurrent depression of the joint
surface: a secondary outcome was the duration of surgery. The risk of recurrent depression of the joint surface was lower
(p <
0.001) and the operating time less (p <
0.002) when titanium
granules were used. The indication is that it is therefore beneficial to use porous
titanium granules than autograft bone to fill the void created by
reducing a depressed fracture of the lateral tibial plateau. There
is no donor site morbidity, the operating time is shorter and the
risk of recurrent depression of the articular surface is less. Cite this article:
The aim of this study was to quantify the stability
of fracture-implant complex in fractures after fixation. A total
of 15 patients with an undisplaced fracture of the femoral neck,
treated with either a dynamic hip screw or three cannulated hip
screws, and 16 patients with an AO31-A2 trochanteric fracture treated
with a dynamic hip screw or a Gamma Nail, were included. Radiostereometric
analysis was used at six weeks, four months and 12 months post-operatively
to evaluate shortening and rotation. Migration could be assessed in ten patients with a fracture of
the femoral neck and seven with a trochanteric fracture. By four
months post-operatively, a mean shortening of 5.4 mm (-0.04 to 16.1)
had occurred in the fracture of the femoral neck group and 5.0 mm
(-0.13 to 12.9) in the trochanteric fracture group. A wide range
of rotation occurred in both types of fracture. Right-sided trochanteric
fractures seem more rotationally stable than left-sided fractures. This prospective study shows that migration at the fracture site
occurs continuously during the first four post-operative months,
after which stabilisation occurs. This information may allow the
early recognition of patients at risk of failure of fixation. Cite this article:
Patients with transfemoral amputation (TFA) often
experience problems related to the use of socket-suspended prostheses.
The clinical development of osseointegrated percutaneous prostheses
for patients with a TFA started in 1990, based on the long-term
successful results of osseointegrated dental implants. Between1999 and 2007, 51 patients with 55 TFAs were consecutively
enrolled in a prospective, single-centre non-randomised study and
followed for two years. The indication for amputation was trauma
in 33 patients (65%) and tumour in 12 (24%). A two-stage surgical
procedure was used to introduce a percutaneous implant to which
an external amputation prosthesis was attached. The assessment of
outcome included the use of two self-report questionnaires, the
Questionnaire for Persons with a Transfemoral Amputation (Q-TFA)
and the Short-Form (SF)-36. The cumulative survival at two years’ follow-up was 92%. The
Q-TFA showed improved prosthetic use, mobility, global situation
and fewer problems (all p <
0.001). The physical function SF-36
scores were also improved (p <
0.001). Superficial infection
was the most frequent complication, occurring 41 times in 28 patients
(rate of infection 54.9%). Most were treated effectively with oral
antibiotics. The implant was removed in four patients because of loosening
(three aseptic, one infection). Osseointegrated percutaneous implants constitute a novel form
of treatment for patients with TFA. The high cumulative survival
rate at two years (92%) combined with enhanced prosthetic use and
mobility, fewer problems and improved quality of life, supports
the ‘revolutionary change’ that patients with TFA have reported
following treatment with osseointegrated percutaneous prostheses. Cite this article:
Early total hip replacement (THR) for acetabular
fractures offers accelerated rehabilitation, but a high risk of heterotopic
ossification (HO) has been reported. The purpose of this study was
to evaluate the incidence of HO, its associated risk factors and
functional impact. A total of 40 patients with acetabular fractures
treated with a THR weres retrospectively reviewed. The incidence
and severity of HO were evaluated using the modified Brooker classification,
and the functional outcome assessed. The overall incidence of HO
was 38%
(n = 15), with nine severe grade III cases. Patients who underwent
surgery early after injury had a fourfold increased chance of developing
HO. The mean blood loss and operating time were more than twice
that of those whose surgery was delayed (p = 0.002 and p <
0.001,
respectively). In those undergoing early THR, the incidence of grade
III HO was eight times higher than in those in whom THR was delayed
(p = 0.01). Only three of the seven patients with severe HO showed
good or excellent Harris hip scores compared with eight of nine
with class 0, I or II HO (p = 0.049). Associated musculoskeletal
injuries, high-energy trauma and head injuries were associated with
the development of grade III HO. The incidence of HO was significantly higher in patients with
a displaced acetabular fracture undergoing THR early compared with
those undergoing THR later and this had an adverse effect on the
functional outcome. Cite this article:
We investigated the stability of seven Schatzker type II fractures of the lateral tibial plateau treated by subchondral screws and a buttress plate followed by immediate partial weight-bearing. In order to assess the stability of the fracture, weight-bearing inducible displacements of the fracture fragments and their migration over a one-year period were measured by differentially loaded radiostereometric analysis and standard radiostereometric analysis, respectively. The mean inducible craniocaudal fracture fragment displacements measured −0.30 mm (−0.73 to 0.02) at two weeks and 0.00 mm (−0.12 to 0.15) at 52 weeks. All inducible displacements were elastic in nature under all loads at each examination during follow-up. At one year, the mean craniocaudal migration of the fracture fragments was −0.34 mm (−1.64 to 1.51). Using radiostereometric methods, this case series has shown that in the Schatzker type II fractures investigated, internal fixation with subchondral screws and a buttress plate provided adequate stability to allow immediate post-operative partial weight-bearing, without harmful consequences.
Our aim in this pilot study was to evaluate the fixation of, the bone remodelling around, and the clinical outcome after surgery of a new, uncemented, fully hydroxyapatite-coated, collared and tapered femoral component, designed specifically for elderly patients with a fracture of the femoral neck. We enrolled 50 patients, of at least 70 years of age, with an acute displaced fracture of the femoral neck in this prospective single-series study. They received a total hip replacement using the new component and were followed up regularly for two years. Fixation was evaluated by radiostereometric analysis and bone remodelling by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Hip function and the health-related quality of life were assessed using the Harris hip score and the EuroQol-5D. Up to six weeks post-operatively there was a mean subsidence of 0.2 mm (−2.1 to +0.5) and a retroversion of a mean of 1.2° (−8.2° to +1.5°). No component migrated after three months. The patients had a continuous loss of peri-prosthetic bone which amounted to a mean of 16% (−49% to +10%) at two years. The mean Harris hip score was 82 (51 to 100) after two years. The two-year results from this pilot study indicate that this new, uncemented femoral component can be used for elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures of the femoral neck.
