Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) injury is a potential complication after the direct anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty (DAA-THA). The aim of this study was to determine how the location of the fasciotomy in DAA-THA affects LFCN injury. In this trial, 134 patients were randomized into a lateral fasciotomy (n = 67) or a conventional fasciotomy (n = 67) group. This study was a dual-centre, double-blind, prospective randomized controlled two-arm trial with parallel group design and a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary endpoint was the presence of LFCN injury, which was determined by the presence of numbness, decreased sensation, tingling, jolt-like sensation, or pain over the lateral aspect of the thigh, excluding the surgical scar, using a patient-based questionnaire. The secondary endpoints were patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC), Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ), and the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12). Assessments were obtained three months after surgery.Aims
Methods
This study aimed to use intraoperative free electromyography to examine how the placement of a retractor at different positions along the anterior acetabular wall may affect the femoral nerve during total hip arthroplasty (THA) when undertaken using the direct anterior approach (THA-DAA). Intraoperative free electromyography was performed during primary THA-DAA in 82 patients (94 hips). The highest position of the anterior acetabular wall was defined as the “12 o’clock” position (middle position) when the patient was in supine position. After exposure of the acetabulum, a retractor was sequentially placed at the ten, 11, 12, one, and two o’clock positions (right hip; from superior to inferior positions). Action potentials in the femoral nerve were monitored with each placement, and the incidence of positive reactions (defined as explosive, frequent, or continuous action potentials, indicating that the nerve was being compressed) were recorded as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of positive reactions caused by removing the femoral head, and by placing a retractor during femoral exposure; and the incidence of femoral nerve palsy, as detected using manual testing of the strength of the quadriceps muscle.Aims
Methods
The aim of this study was to report the medium-term outcomes of impaction bone allograft and fibular grafting for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) and to define the optimal indications. A total of 67 patients (77 hips) with ONFH were enrolled in a single centre retrospective review. Success of the procedure was assessed using the Harris Hip Score (HHS) and rate of revision to total hip arthroplasty (THA). Risk factors were studied, including age, aetiology, duration of hip pain, as well as two classification systems (Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) and Japanese Investigation Committee (JIC) systems).Aims
Methods
We compared the clinical outcomes of curved intertrochanteric varus osteotomy (CVO) with bone impaction grafting (BIG) with CVO alone for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). This retrospective comparative study included 81 patients with ONFH; 37 patients (40 hips) underwent CVO with BIG (BIG group) and 44 patients (47 hips) underwent CVO alone (CVO group). Patients in the BIG group were followed-up for a mean of 12.2 years (10.0 to 16.5). Patients in the CVO group were followed-up for a mean of 14.5 years (10.0 to 21.0). Assessment parameters included the Harris Hip Score (HHS), Oxford Hip Score (OHS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip-Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ), complication rates, and survival rates, with conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) and radiological failure as the endpoints.Aims
Methods
We report the outcome of 39 patients who underwent
a modified Pauwels’ intertrochanteric osteotomy for nonunion of
a femoral neck fracture following failed osteosynthesis. There were
31 men and eight women with a mean age of 47.2 years (34 to 59).
By Pauwels’ classification, there were 11 Type II fractures and
28 Type III fractures. The mean follow-up was 7.9 years (2 to 19).
In the 11 patients whose initial treatment had been osteotomy, union was
achieved in nine (81.8%). In 28 patients whose initial treatment
had been with a lag screw or a dynamic hip screw, union was achieved
in 27 (96.4%). Limb lengths were equalised in 14 of 16 patients
(87.5%) with pre-operative shortening. The mean neck-shaft angle
improved significantly from 100.5° (80° to 120°) to 131.6° (120°
to 155°) (p = 0.004). The mean modified Harris hip score was 85.6
points (70 to 97) and the mean modified Merle d’Aubigné score was
14.3 (11 to 18). Good to excellent functional outcomes were achieved
in 32 patients (88.8%). A modified Pauwels’ intertrochanteric osteotomy
is a reliable method of treating ununited fractures of the femoral neck
following failed osteosynthesis: coxa vara and shortening can also
simultaneously be addressed. Cite this article
The introduction of a trabecular tantalum rod
has been proposed for the management of early-stage osteonecrosis of
the femoral head but serves as a single-point of support of the
necrotic lesion. We describe a technique using two or three 4.2
mm (or later 4.7 mm) tantalum pegs for the prevention of collapse
of the necrotic lesion. We prospectively studied 21 patients (26
hips) with non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head treated
in this manner. Of these, 21 patients (24 hips) were available for
radiological and clinical evaluation at a mean follow-up of 46 months
(18 to 67). Radiological assessment showed that only eight hips
deteriorated according to the Association Research Circulation Osseous
classification, and four hips according to the Classification of
the Japanese Investigation Committee of Health and Welfare. Functional
improvement was obtained with an improvement in the mean Harris
hip score from 65.2 (33.67 to 95) to 88.1 (51.72 to 100), the mean
Merle D’Aubigné-Postel score from 13 (6 to 18) to 16 (11 to 18),
a mean visual analogue score for pain from 5.2 (0 to 9.5) to 2.6
(0 to 7), and the mean Short-Form 36 score from 80.4 (56.8 to 107.1)
to 92.4 (67.5 to 115.7). Of these 24 hips followed for a minimum
of 18 months, three were considered as failures at the final follow-up,
having required total hip replacement. One of the hips without full
follow-up was also considered to be a failure. In more than two-thirds
of the surviving hips a satisfactory clinical outcome was achieved
with promising radiological findings. The estimated mean implant
survival was 60 months (95% confidence interval 53.7 to 66.3).
The long-term results of grafting with hydroxyapatite granules for acetabular deficiency in revision total hip replacement are not well known. We have evaluated the results of revision using a modular cup with hydroxyapatite grafting for Paprosky type 2 and 3 acetabular defects at a minimum of ten years’ follow-up. We retrospectively reviewed 49 acetabular revisions at a mean of 135 months (120 to 178). There was one type 2B, ten 2C, 28 3A and ten 3B hips. With loosening as the endpoint, the survival rate was 74.2% (95% confidence interval 58.3 to 90.1). Radiologically, four of the type 3A hips (14%) and six of the type 3B hips (60%) showed aseptic loosening with collapse of the hydroxyapatite layer, whereas no loosening occurred in type 2 hips. There was consolidation of the hydroxyapatite layer in 33 hips (66%). Loosening was detected in nine of 29 hips (31%) without cement and in one of 20 hips (5%) with cement (p = 0.03, Fisher’s exact probability test). The linear wear and annual wear rate did not correlate with loosening. These results suggest that the long-term results of hydroxyapatite grafting with cement for type 2 and 3A hips are encouraging.
This retrospective study describes the long-term results of core decompression and placement of a non-vascularised bone graft in the management of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. We treated 80 hips in 65 patients, 18 by a cortical tibial autograft and 62 by a fibular allograft. The mean age of the patients was 36 years ( A total of 34 hips (44%) were revised at a mean of four years ( This is a relatively simple, extra-articular and reproducible procedure. In our view core decompression, removal of the necrotic tissue and packing of the cancellous grafts into the core track are vital parts of the procedure.
