Objectives and Material: The authors have evaluated 78 patients with fractures of the proximal humerus that have been interned in the Orthopedics’ Service at Hospital de Santa Maria since the 1st January of 1995 until the 31st December of 1999 with the objective of evaluating different factors influencing the final results and concluding to the best therapeutic conduct in the different cases. Method: The following parameters have been evaluated: sex, age, accident type (low/high energy), associated injuries, fracture’s classification, type of treatment and results achieved. The Constant score have been used for the functional evaluation. Due to reduced number of patients in each class a non-parametric test has been used – Qui-square test (X2). SPSS program has been used to run the calculations.

Results: It has been verified that sixty four percent of the cases happened due to low energy accidents and the three-part fractures prevailed (46%), followed by four-part fractures (34%). The fracture of the proximal humerus occurred isolated and prevailed in women above 60 years old. Patients’ age was not a factor of bad prognostic. The number of bad results depended on the fracture’s type. Open reduction and internal fixation has been the most frequently used technique in all fracture types and the one with the best results. Open reduction and Kirschner pinning should be used only in very specific cases and with limited functional objectives. Humeral head reconstruction has not been a valid option to four-part fractures treatment, allowing concluding that, in many cases of very fragmented fractures, the option for the humeral head substitution by prosthesis should be better than trying its reconstruction.