Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has been highlighted and well
documented primarily in Western countries and there are few large
studies focused on FAI-related morphological assessment in Asian
patients. We chose to investigate this subject. We assessed the morphology of the hip and the prevalence of radiographic
FAI in Japanese patients by measuring predictors of FAI. We reviewed
a total of 1178 hips in 695 men and 483 women with a mean age of
58.2 years (20 to 89) using CT images that had been obtained for
reasons unrelated to symptoms from the hip. We measured the lateral
centre edge angle, acetabular index, crossover sign, alpha angle
and anterior femoral head-neck offset ratio.Aims
Patients and Methods
Corrosion at the modular junction of the femoral component in total hip arthroplasty (THA) was considered as a cause of adverse local tissue reaction in recent years. We reported three adverse local tissue reaction cases after total hip arthroplasty using the same modular neck stem in this study. We have been essentially using the same titanium modular neck stem system and the same combination bearing surface of 26mm cobalt chromium (CoCr) head and highly cross linked polyethylene line for primary total hip arthroplasty since November 2009. Three female showed adverse local tissue reaction and had additional surgical treatment after the THA.Introduction
Materials and Methods
Patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) stand in the danger, a particularly high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Fondaparinux and edoxaban, which inhibit FXa, indirectly and directly, respectively, have been used for prevention of VTE after THA in Japan. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of fondaparinux and edoxaban for VTE after elective THA in Japanese patients. We randomly assigned 320 patients underdoing elective cemented THA to receive postoperative 2.5 mg fondaparinux once daily for first postoperative 3 days and 1.5 mg once daily for the subsequent 7 days (FPX group) [1], postoperative 15 mg edoxaban once daily for postoperative 10 days (EDO15mg group), 30 mg edoxaban once daily for postoperative 10 days (EDO30mg group), and 30 mg edoxaban once daily for first postoperative 3 days and 15 mg once daily for the subsequent 7 days (EDOmix group). Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) was diagnosed by ultrasonography at postoperative day 3 and 14. Computed tomography to detect pulmonary thromboembolism was performed to all patients who had proximal DVTs. The χ2 test with Bonferroni correction was used to compare variables of the incidence of DVT between each group. The intention-to-treat analysis was performed for statistical analysis in each group. The EDO30 mg group and EDOmix group were regarded as one group in the assessment at the postoperative day 3, and named as the EDO30mg+mix group.Introduction
Materials and methods
Acetabular reconstruction of extensive bone defect is troublesome in revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA). Kerboull or Kerboull type reinforcement acetabular device with allobone grafting has been applied since 1996. Clinical results of the procedure were evaluated. One hundred and ninety-two consecutive revision total hip arthroplasties were performed with allograft bone supported by the Kerboull or Kerboull type reinforcement acetabular device from 1996 to 2009. There were 23 men and 169 women. Kerboull plates were applied to 18 patients, and Kerboull type plates to 174. The mean follow up of the whole series was 8 years (4–18years). The superior bone defect was reconstructed principally by a large bulky allo block with plate system. Medial bone defect was reconstructed by adequate bone chips and/or sliced bone plates. After temporally fixation of bulky bone block with two 2.0mm K-wires, it was remodeled by reaming to fit the gap between host bone and plate, followed by fixation to the iliac bone by screws. Finally, residual space of the defect between host bone and the fixed plated was filled up with morselized cancellous bones, bone chips, and/or wedged bony fragments with impaction. This method was sufficiently applicable to AAOS Typeâ�, II, and III bone defects. In case of AAOS Typeâ�£, the procedure was also available after repairing discontinuation between distal and proximal bones by reconstrusion plate or allografting with tibial bone plates or sliced femoral head.Patients
Surgical Technique
Macrophages phagocytes implant wear debris and produce various cytokines to evoke inflammation and periprosthetic osteolysis of aseptic loosening. It had been reported that expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and other TLRs increased in periprosthetic tissues of aseptic loosening. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damaged-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) have been known as ligands of TLRs and considered to be involved in the osteolytic reactions TLR1, TLR2, TLR6, NLRP3, TNF-α and IL-1β of macrophages in aseptic loose periprosthetic tissues were immnohistorically evaluated and compared to osteoarthritic synovium. RAW264.7 cells, macrophagic cell line, were stimulated by titanium particles (Ti) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-coated Ti. The celluar reaction associated with TLR2 and NLRP3 and the correlation of them were analyzed at mRNA expression levels with small-interfering RNA of Introduction
Materials and methods
Biologic agents (BIO) drastically changed the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapy from starting to use biologics at 2003 in Japan. The rate of orthopaedic surgery, especially total joint arthroplasty (TJA) may reflect trends in disease severity, management and health outcomes. We surveyed the number and rate of orthopaedic surgeries and TJA in RA treatment with BIO in the last decade, so called BIO-era.Objectives
Methods
Although the treatment for infected total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been still controversial, some reports suggested two-stage revision THA seems to be more preferable rather than one-stage revision. The purpose of this study is to estimate the outcome of treatment for infected THA in our institutions. The medical records of patients who have been underwent surgical treatment for infected THA between 2006 and 2012 in two hospitals and followed more than one year after surgery were reviewed. 34 patients and 35 hips were included. Age at surgery, gender, a period until surgical treatment after diagnosis of infection, method of treatment (debridement, one-stage or two-stage revision THA) and the outcome are estimated for each hips. Remission was defined by the absence of local and systemic sign of implant related infection and the normalization of WBC and C-reactive protein value without antibiotics.Background and Purpose
Patients and methods
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), especially, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in lower extremities, often seriously combined with pulmonary embolism (PE), is a major and critical complication after total hip arthroplasty (THA). For better disgonsis of VTEs, D-dimer test is one of the useful methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of D-dimer levels before THA. Medical records of patients with osteoarthritis who received THA between April 2009 and March 2010 were reviewed. Value of D-dimer at preoperative day 1, postoperative day 3 and 14 was examined in those patients. D-dimer levels were examined by Latex Immunity Nephelometry Measurement Method and the Kit (Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan). A total of 327 patients with D-dimer values were examined. The values D-dimer of the available patients were under 1.0 μg/ml. Ninety-nine patients (30%) had a high D-dimer level. DVT was diagnosed by doppler ultrasonography at preoperative day 1, postoperative day 3 and 14. The sensitivity and specificity of D-dimer in different cutoffs were verified by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. The ROC curve was constructed to describe the relationship between the sensitivity and the false positive rate for different values of D-dimer to patients suspected of VTEs. The study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee.INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Herniation pits had been considered as a normal variant, a cystic lesion formed by synovial invagination. On the contrary, it was also suggested that herniation pits were one of the diagnostic findings in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) because of the high prevalence of herniation pits in the FAI patients. To date, the exact etiology is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether there is an association between the presence of herniation pits and morphological indicators of FAI based on computed tomography (CT) examination. We reviewed the CT scans of 245 consecutive subjects (490 hips, age: 21–89 years) who had undergone abdominal and pelvic CT for reasons unrelated to hip symptom from September, 2010 to June, 2011. These subjects were mainly examined for abdominal disorders. We confirmed by the questionnaire survey that there were no subjects who had symptoms of hip joints. We reviewed them for the presence of herniation pits and the morphological abnormalities of the femoral head and acetabulum. Herniation pits were diagnosed when they were located at the anterosuperior femoral head-neck junction with a diameter of more than 3 mm. We measured following four signs as indicators for FAI: α angle, center edge angle (CE angle), acetabular index (AI), and acetabular version. Mann-Whitney U-test was used for statistical analysis.Introduction
Materials and methods
The bearing surface is one of the important factors that affect the longevity of total hip replacement (THR). The ceramic on ceramic bearing decreases the rate of dislocation event and the amount of wear debris. We encountered cases of incomplete seating of the liner with the TriAD acetabular system. We examined 25 hips in 24 patients who had undergone total hip replacement by using the TriAD shell with a metal-backed alumina liner. We used the Hardinge approach for performing surgery in all patients. Incomplete seating was judged on the basis of plain anteroposterior and/or oblique radiographs obtained immediately and 3 months after the operation.Background
Patients and Methods
Visualization of the femoral medullar canal is troublesome in revision surgery. To obtain better visual field of the canal and assist cement extraction and following reconstructive procedures, flexible endoscope was applied in femoral revision. Mean age and time to revision of fifteen cemented totally replaced hips were 69.3 (42–83) and 14.9 (3–25) years, respectively. Preoperative status of the revision regarding type of stem loosening was classified as possible in four cases, probable in two, and definite in five classified by Harris et al. No marked finding of loosening was in four. That of bone defect was type I in four cases, Type II in three, and Type III in three by Gustilo. Five cases showed no marked loss of the defect. Extraction of cement mantle was performed under flexible endoscopic inspection. Impaction bone grafting was performed in eight cases. Time for cement removal in association with type of loosening and bone defect were evaluated as well as analysis of periprosthetic complications. Retained cement mantle was extractable in all cases under good exposure and with maintenance of efficient working space. Interfacial granulation and fibrous tissues between bone and cement were easily removed. Endoscopic time for cement removal was 41.7 ± 10.3 minutes in average. It was 51.8 ± 6.2 minutes in no loosening. 41.3 ± 11.1 minutes in possible loosening, 38.5 ± 9.2 minutes in probable loosening, and 35.4 ± 8.3 minutes in definite loosening, which depended on the status of fixation between bone and cement. Type of bone defect also influenced the time. It was 52.4 ± 5.6 minutes in the cases of no marked bone loss, 43.8 ± 3.5 minutes in Gustilo type I, 28.3 ± 3.5 minutes in Type II, and 34.7 ± 2.5 minutes in Type III. The procedure was effective to prepare suitable bone bed for reconstruction, which allowed proper stem settlement and facilitated recovery of bone stock in the cases of impaction bone grafting. Intra-operative blood loss was 377 ml (212 – 1430) and total amount of blood loss including post surgical drainage was 593 ml (316 – 1680). Type of loosening and bone defect did not affect both whole and intra-operative bleeding volume. However, three occult fractures happened, in which two revealed minor cement leakage and one required additional osteosynthesis with extensive approach. The data indicated that flexible medullo-endoscope could provide good visual field with maintenance of working space, potentially contributing to less invasive femoral revision surgery, if it would be combined with refined device for cement extraction to improve accuracy of the procedure.
