Controversy persists over whether cemented or uncemented fixation is more effective in reducing revision and mortality risks following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Despite a shift towards uncemented THA in Europe, Australia, and the US, no consensus exists on superior outcomes. This ambiguity in evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies necessitates advanced research methodologies to derive more definitive conclusions.

This study investigates the causal impact of THA fixation type on 2-year and 5-year revision rates, along with 90-day mortality, utilizing a regression discontinuity (RD) design in scenarios where fixation choice is guided by patient age.

Employing data from the Dutch Arthroplasty Register, we conducted a cohort study on primary THAs for osteoarthritis from 2007 to 2019. A “fuzzy” RD design was executed to compute the Local Average Treatment Effect for subjects around the age-based selection threshold for fixation type. The main outcome of interest was the revision rate at 2 years post-operation.

Analysis for the 2-year revision endpoint, covering any cause, included 2,344 females and 1,671 males across 5 hospitals each, with no significant variation in revision rates observed. For the 5-year mark, 1,058 females in 3 hospitals and 214 males in 1 hospital were examined, similarly showing no significant differences. Mortality within 90 days post-operation was also investigated in 5 female and 7 male cohorts, with 2,180 and 2,145 surgeries respectively, yielding no substantial disparities.

In conclusion, the RD analysis revealed no notable differences in revision rates at 2 and 5 years or in early mortality based on the fixation method used in THA. These outcomes suggest that the age-based preference for THA fixation may not influence the revision or mortality risk, underscoring the value of RD design in deriving causal insights from observational data.

Aims

The aim of this study was to report the long-term follow-up of cemented short Exeter femoral components when used in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Although data on uncemented short stems are available, studies on cemented short-stemmed THAs are limited. These cemented short stems may have inferior long-term outcomes and higher femoral component fracture rates. Hence, we examined the long-term follow-up of cemented short Exeter stems used in primary THA.

Within the Exeter stem range, 7 stems have a stem length of 125 mm or less. These stems are often used in small patients, in young patients with a narrow femoral canal or patients with anatomical abnormalities. Based on our local database, we included 394 consecutive cemented stems used in primary THA (n=333 patients) with a stem length ≤125 mm implanted in our tertiary referral center between 1993 and December 2021. We used the Dutch Arthroplasty Registry (LROI) to complete and cross-check the data. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to determine 20-year survival rates with stem revision for any reason, for septic loosening, for aseptic loosening and for femoral component fracture as endpoints.

The proportion of male patients was 21% (n=83). Median age at surgery was 42 years (interquartile range: 30–55). The main indication for primary THA was childhood hip diseases (51%). The 20-year stem survival rate of the short stem was 85.4% (95% CI: 73.9–92.0) for revision for any reason and 96.2% (95%CI: 90.5–98.5) for revision for septic loosening. No stems were revised for aseptic femoral loosening. However, there were 4 stem fractures at 6.6, 11.6, 16.5 and 18.2 years of follow-up. The stem survival with femoral component fracture as endpoint was 92.7% (CI: 78.5–97.6) at 20 years.

Cemented short Exeter stems in primary THA show acceptable survival rates at long-term follow-up. Although femoral component fracture is a rare complication of a cemented short Exeter stem, orthopaedic surgeons should be aware of its incidence and possible risk factors.

Aims

To map literature on prognostic factors related to outcomes of revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA), to identify extensively studied factors and to guide future research into what domains need further exploration.

Aims

This study aimed to investigate the estimated change in primary and revision arthroplasty rate in the Netherlands and Denmark for hips, knees, and shoulders during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 (COVID-period). Additional points of focus included the comparison of patient characteristics and hospital type (2019 vs COVID-period), and the estimated loss of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and impact on waiting lists.

Aims

The aim of this study is to report the long-term outcomes of instrumented femoral revisions with impaction allograft bone grafting (IBG) using the X-change femoral revision system at 30 years after introduction of the technique.

Aims

The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of all primary total hip arthroplasties (THAs) and their subsequent revision procedures in patients aged under 50 years performed at our institution.

Aims

Preoperative nasal Staphylococcus aureus screening and eradication reduces surgical site infections (SSIs) but its impact on reducing early prosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains controversial. This study aims to assess the effect of preoperative nasal S. aureus screening and eradication on the incidence of early PJI in general and S. aureus-induced early PJI.

Aims

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a lateral rim mesh on the survival of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in young patients, aged 50 years or younger.

Aims

We carried out a further study of the long-term results of the cemented Exeter femoral component in patients under the age of 40 with a mean follow-up of 13.6 years (10 to 20).

Introduction

Recent reports implicate fretting corrosion at the head-stem taper junction as a potential cause of failure of some large diameter metal-on-metal (MOM) devices. Fretting observed at modular junctions is thought to be a type of ‘mechanically assisted’ corrosion phenomenon, initiated by mechanical factors that lead to an increase in contact stresses and micromotions at the taper interface. These may include: intra-operative taper assembly, taper contamination by debris or body fluids, patient weight and ‘toggling’ of the head or increased frictional torque in a poorly functioning bearing.

We adopted a finite element approach to model the head-taper junction, to analyze the contact mechanics at the taper interface. We investigated the effect of assembly force and angle on contact pressures and micromotions, during loads commonly used to test hip implants.

We present the results of 62 consecutive acetabular revisions using impaction bone grafting and a cemented polyethylene acetabular component in 58 patients (13 men and 45 women) after a mean follow-up of 27 years (25 to 30). All patients were prospectively followed. The mean age at revision was 59.2 years (23 to 82).

We performed Kaplan–Meier (KM) analysis and also a Competing Risk (CR) analysis because with long-term follow-up, the presence of a competing event (i.e. death) prevents the occurrence of the endpoint of re-revision.

A total of 48 patients (52 hips) had died or had been re-revised at final review in March 2011. None of the deaths were related to the surgery. The mean Harris hip score of the ten surviving hips in ten patients was 76 points (45 to 99).

The KM survivorship at 25 years for the endpoint ‘re-revision for any reason’ was 58.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 38 to 73) and for ‘re-revision for aseptic loosening’ 72.1% (95% CI 51 to 85). With the CR analysis we calculated the KM analysis overestimates the failure rate with respectively 74% and 93% for these endpoints. The current study shows that acetabular impaction bone grafting revisions provide good clinical results at over 25 years.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:1338–44.

We report the clinical and radiographic outcomes of 208 consecutive femoral revision arthroplasties performed in 202 patients (119 women, 83 men) between March 1991 and December 2007 using the X-change Femoral Revision System, fresh-frozen morcellised allograft and a cemented polished Exeter stem. All patients were followed prospectively. The mean age of the patients at revision was 65 years (30 to 86). At final review in December 2013 a total of 130 patients with 135 reconstructions (64.9%) were alive and had a non re-revised femoral component after a mean follow-up of 10.6 years (4.7 to 20.9). One patient was lost to follow-up at six years, and their data were included up to this point. Re-operation for any reason was performed in 33 hips (15.9%), in 13 of which the femoral component was re-revised (6.3%). The mean pre-operative Harris hip score was 52 (19 to 95) (n = 73) and improved to 80 (22 to 100) (n = 161) by the last follow-up. Kaplan–Meier survival with femoral re-revision for any reason as the endpoint was 94.9% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 90.2 to 97.4) at ten years; with femoral re-revision for aseptic loosening as the endpoint it was 99.4% (95% CI 95.7 to 99.9); with femoral re-operation for any reason as the endpoint it was 84.5% (95% CI 78.3 to 89.1); and with subsidence ≥ 5 mm it was 87.3% (95% CI 80.5 to 91.8). Femoral revision with the use of impaction allograft bone grafting and a cemented polished stem results in a satisfying survival rate at a mean of ten years’ follow-up.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015; 97-B:771–9.

In this retrospective study, we investigated the results of revision total hip replacement (THR) using a cemented long-stemmed Exeter femoral component, with a minimum length of 205 mm in patients with extensive femoral bone defects. The study included 37 consecutive patients with a mean age of 76 years (39 to 93) and a mean follow-up of nine years (5 to 16). A total of 26 patients (70%) had a pre-operative Endo-Klinik score of 3 or 4. Impaction bone grafting was used in 24 patients (65%). At the time of evaluation, 22 patients (59%) were still alive and were evaluated clinically and radiologically. A total of 14 patients died during follow-up and their data were included until the time of their death. One reconstruction failed after five years and five months owing to recurrent dislocation: the hip was converted to an excision arthroplasty. Intra-operative fractures or fissures were encountered in nine patients (24%), but none occurred during impaction of the bone graft. Post-operative peri-prosthetic fractures occurred in two patients (5%); both were treated with plate fixation. At nine years, survival with the endpoint of all-cause re-revision was 96.3% (95% CI 76.4 to 99.5); including re-operations for any reason, it was 80.7% (95% CI 56.3 to 92.3%). There were no re-revisions for aseptic loosening.

The survival of long stem cemented femoral components following revision THR is satisfactory in a fragile population with extensive femoral defects.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014; 96-B:1207–13.

Despite the worldwide usage of the cemented Contemporary acetabular component (Stryker), no published data are available regarding its use in patients aged < 50 years. We undertook a mid- to long-term follow-up study, including all consecutive patients aged < 50 years who underwent a primary total hip replacement using the Contemporary acetabular component with the Exeter cemented stem between January 1999 and January 2006. There were 152 hips in 126 patients, 61 men and 65 women, mean age at surgery 37.6 years (16 to 49 yrs). One patient was lost to follow-up.

Mean clinical follow-up of all implants was 7.6 years (0.9 to 12.0). All clinical questionnaire scores, including Harris hip score, Oxford hip score and several visual analogue scales, were found to have improved. The eight year survivorship of all acetabular components for the endpoints revision for any reason or revision for aseptic loosening was 94.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 89.2 to 97.2) and 96.4% (95% CI 91.6 to 98.5), respectively. Radiological follow-up was complete for 146 implants. The eight year survival for the endpoint radiological loosening was 93.1% (95% CI 86.2 to 96.6). Three surviving implants were considered radiologically loose but were asymptomatic. The presence of acetabular osteolysis (n = 17, 11.8%) and radiolucent lines (n = 20, 13.9%) in the 144 surviving cups indicates a need for continued observation in the second decade of follow-up in order to observe their influence on long-term survival.

The clinical and radiological data resulting in a ten-year survival rate > 90% in young patients support the use of the Contemporary acetabular component in this specific patient group.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1617–25.

Introduction

Recent reports have implicated fretting corrosion at the head-stem taper junction as a potential cause of failure of some large diameter metal-on-metal (MOM) devices. While it has been suggested that larger MOM heads, may induce greater frictional torques at the taper connection, the exact mechanisms underlying fretting corrosion remain poorly understood.

It is likely that the onset of the corrosion process is caused by mechanical factors, such as contact stresses and micromotions occurring at the interface. These stresses and micromotions depend on the fixation of the head onto the stem and may be affected by blood, fat, bone debris or other contaminations. The fixation of the head is achieved intraoperatively through impaction.

To further study this phenomenon, we adopted a finite element approach in which we modeled the head-taper junction fixation mechanics. In this model, we analyzed the effect of impaction force on the micromotions occurring at the head-stem interface.

Background

These days, total hip arthroplasties (THA) are more implanted in young patients. Due to the expected lifespan of a THA and the life expectancy of young patients, a future revision is inevitable. Indirectly increasing the number of revisions in these patients. Therefore we evaluated the results of revision THA in patients under the age of 60 years. However, we used a unique protocol in which we used in all cases of acetabular and/or femoral bone deficiencies reconstruction with bone impaction grafting.

Introduction

Total hip arthroplasties in younger patients often requires revision because these patients frequently have acetabular deficiencies, which hamper proper implantation of the cup essential for good long-term prosthesis survival. For 30 years, we have used a biological acetabular-reconstruction technique with bone-impaction grafting in all patients <50 years with an acetabular deficiency at surgery, always in combination with a cemented total hip implant.

Background

Surgeons always must take into account that a primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in a young patient will be revised in the future, this because of the long life expectancy of young THA patients and the limited durability of prosthetic implants in these patients. Therefore we would like to accentuate the revisability of a primary THA in this specific and high demanding patient population.

Objectives

The Kaplan-Meier estimation is widely used in orthopedics to calculate the probability of revision surgery. Using data from a long-term follow-up study, we aimed to assess the amount of bias introduced by the Kaplan-Meier estimator in a competing risk setting.