A prospective, randomized, controlled trial was performed to compare the outcome of treatment of unstable fractures of the proximal part of the femur with either a sliding hip screw or a short proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA-XS, Synthes). Eighty one patients (April 2007 – May 2008) presenting with unstable fracture of the proximal part of the femur were randomized, at the time of admission, to fixation with use of either a short proximal femoral nail antirotation (n=42) or a sliding hip screw (n= 39). The primary outcome measure was reoperation within the first postoperative year and mortality at the end of one year. Operative time, fluoroscopy time, blood loss, and any intra-operative complication were recorded for each patient. Follow-up was undertaken at 3, 6, and 12 postoperative months and yearly thereafter. Plain AP and lateral radiographs were obtained at all visits. All changes in the position of the implant, complications, or fixation failure were recorded. Hip range of motion, pain about the hip and the thigh, walking ability score and return to work status were used to compare the outcomes. There was no significant difference between 1 year mortality rates for the two groups. Mean Operative time was significantly less in PFNA group (Mean 25 min, range 19 – 56 min) than DHS group (Mean 38 min, range 28 – 70 min). Patients treated with a PFNA experienced a shorter fluoroscopy time and less blood loss. 6 patients in DHS group had implant failure as compared to none in PFNA group. The functional outcome was also better in PFNA group. When compared to DHS, PFNA-XS provides better functional outcome for unstable trochanteric fractures with less operative time, less blood loss and less complications, however one year mortality rate remains the same.
Adequate exposure is a prerequisite for treatment of distal humeral fractures. In this study, we compared the clinico-radiological and functional outcome of TRAP approach with that of olecranon osteotomy for distal humerus fractures. 27 patients with distal humerus fractures were randomized into 2 groups: Group 1 (n=14, TRAP approach), Group 2 (n=13, Olecranon osteotomy). All patients were operated with bi-columnar fixation. All patients were mobilized from day 2. Follow-up evaluation was done at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. All patients achieved union. The mean surgical time was higher in group 1 (120 min) as compared to group 2 (100 min). The final ROM was higher in group 1 (1160) as compared to group 2 (850). Two patients in group 2 needed posterior release. 5 patients in group 2 had hardware complications related to olecranon osteotomy and needed removal. Two patients in Group 1 had transient ulnar nerve paraesthesias. There was no difference in triceps power in both groups. Our results demonstrate that TRAP approach is extensile and safe enough in treating these complex fractures with better final ROM and fewer complications.
