Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) is the most frequently used implant in management of intertrochanteric femoral fractures. There is a known statistical relationship between a tip-apex distance (TAD) >25mm and higher rate of implant failure. Our aim was to analyse all DHS procedures performed in our trust from seventeen months and compare their TAD values to the acceptable standard of ≤25mm. All patients undergoing DHS between April 2020-August 2021 were identified from our theatre system. Additionally, those presenting to hospital with implant failures were included. Patient demographics, date of surgery, fracture classification (AO) and date/mode of failure were recorded. Intraoperative fluoroscopy images were reviewed to calculate TAD, screw location and neck shaft angles by two independent observers.Background
Methods
What is the fate of revision total joint arthroplasty, when conventional tissue sample culture (TSC) is negative and sonication fluid culture (SFC) is positive, in terms of re-revision? We prospectively analyzed explanted prosthetic materials from 211 consecutive cases of total hip and knee arthroplasty revision surgery performed on any indication during a one year period. We used a sonication apparatus and protocol that was previously described [Borens et al, 2013. J Orthop Res]. Sampling of five periprosthetic tissue biopsies was performed according to the local protocol and incubated for 5 days. In our non-interventional study design, clinicians were blinded to the results from sonication-culture, which were not used for the subsequent treatment strategy. In cases with suspected deep infection, thorough debridement was performed during revision surgery, and routine antibiotic treatment was dicloxacillin for 6–8 weeks. Patients were routinely seen in the outpatient clinic after 3 and 12 months, where clinical examination and any antibiotic treatment were documented. Minimum follow-up was 1 year. This cohort study is reported according to the STROBE guidelines.Aim
Method
To compare the number of airborne bacteria and particles under laminar airflow (LAF) versus turbulent airflow (TAF) with 100% and 50% reduced fresh air exchange during simulated total hip arthroplasty (THA) Two equally dimensioned operating rooms (OR) build in 2009 with modern ventilation systems of LAF and TAF respectively were used during 32 simulated THA-operations under four different ventilation conditions: LAF or TAF with either full (n=8+8) or 50% reduced (n=8+8) fresh air exchange volume. We followed a protocol controlling the complete perioperative setup including interior cleaning, sterile materials, OR-personnel procedures, surgical clothing, instruments and 50-minute surgical procedure on a full-sized dummy at 37°C. Microbial contamination was determined intra-operatively by ISO-validated Microbiological Active Sampler (MAS-100, Merck, 100 L/min) at two 10-minute intervals in 30 cm distance of the operating field. Blood-agar plates from each operation were incubated for 2 days at 35°C and the microbial concentration was determined by viable counting of colony-forming units (CFU) per m3 air. Furthermore airborne particulate (0,5–10 µm) was sampled with ISO-validated light scattering particle analyzer (MET-one, Beckman Coulter, 28,3 L/min) during the 50-minute surgical procedure (1,42 m3/operation). Large particle sizes (>5 µm) are correlated with microbial contamination (Stocks, 2010). According to standards large-sized particle number must not exceed a 2.900/m3-threshold for cleanroom operations. Microbial air concentration (mean CFU/m3 ±standard deviation) under LAF conditions with full and 50% reduced fresh air exchange were 0,4±0,8 and 0,4±0,4 respectively, whereas air contamination under TAF conditions were significantly higher with 7,6±2,0 and 10,3±8,1 (p<0,05). Large (>5 µm) airborne particulate (mean no./m3 ±standard deviation) under LAF conditions with full and 50% reduced fresh air exchange were 1.581±2.841 and 1.018±1.084 respectively, whereas particulate under TAF conditions were 7.923±5.151 and 6.157±2.439 respectively. Microbial air contamination was significantly lower under LAF ventilation compared to TAF during simulated THA under both full and 50% reduced fresh air exchange in modern operating theatres used in daily clinic. The number of particles measured under TAF conditions exceeded the threshold for cleanroom operations in 12/16 simulated operations. These findings indicate that LAF reduces the airborne microbial risk factor of surgical site infection in comparison to TAF.
The aim of this study is to document the outcome of a large cohort of patients treated with the Bereiter trochleoplasty with between 1 and 12 years of follow up. 215 consecutive cases in 186 patients were recorded prospectively. All patients were offered yearly clinical and radiological review. PROMs were recorded including the IKDC, OKS, Kujala and SF-12. Patients unable to attend clinic were assessed with PROMS and radiographs from their local institutions where possible. There were 133 females and 53 males, with a mean age of 21 (14–38). There were no infections and only 6 patients reported further dislocations. There was one flap breakdown and no identified cases of secondary osteoarthritis. PROMs were available for 194 cases in 167 patients (90% follow up). 84% of patients were satisfied, 87% felt their symptoms had improved and 69% had gone back to sport. All scores improved (all p<0.001) except for the SF-12 mental score (p=0.42), with averages comparable to the results of MPFL reconstruction. Good outcomes were observed despite the difficult patient population in which these cases were performed. The Bereiter trochleoplasty is an effective method of treating recurrent patella instability in patients with severe trochlea dysplasia.
A recent retrospective study of distal femoral physeal fractures (DFPFs) suggested closed manipulation alone has a high incidence of re-displacement, malunion or physeal bar formation. The paper concluded that all displaced DFPFs require internal fixation, and breaching the physis with k-wires is safe. We agree that hyper-extension/flexion injuries need stabilisation using k-wires but, in our experience, purely valgus/varus deformities can be successfully managed by manipulation under anaesthesia (MUA) and a moulded cylinder cast. We prospectively observed DFPFs presenting over 12 months. Departmental policy is to treat varus/valgus deformities by MUA, with cylinder casting providing 3 point fixation. Hyper-extension/flexion injuries are reduced on a traction table. 2mm cross k-wiring is performed, leaving the wires under the skin, and a cylinder plaster applied. A post-operative CT scanogram accurately assesses limb alignment. Patients are mobilised immediately using crutches and weight-bearing as pain allows. Plaster and k-wires are removed after 4–5 weeks. Scanogram is then repeated, and again at 6 months and 1 year.Introduction
Method
Soft tissue reactions following metal-on-metal arthroplasty of the hip have been under discussion in recent times. The phenomenon has been observed since the advent of arthroplasty, but the particular nature of metal-on-metal (MoM) resurfacing or total hip arthroplasty (THA), and the associated shedding of metal particles in high wear states, appears to excite a more aggressive response. Recent reports suggest involvement of muscle groups on a wide scale, and some cases of neurovascular involvement. It is not known which reactions require widespread muscle excision, and which cases may be adequately addressed by bearing exchange alone. We report three cases of soft tissue reaction (pseudotumour) following MoM hip resurfacing all managed with revision to ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) THA with minimal soft tissue excision. All patients were female with ages at original operation of 49, 52 and 58 years. Time to revision surgery was 85, 28 and 66 months respectively. Prosthesis revision resulted in progressive and satisfactory resolution of the pseudotumour. We propose that in the early stages, pseudotumour following MoM hip resurfacing can be adequately managed with revision to ceramic-bearing THA with minimal soft tissue excision, rather than revision with extensive soft tissue debridement that has been recently described.
