Aim

Over the past three years, roughly 100,000 hip and knee replacements have been performed by the Brazilian Public Healthcare System. Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is expected to range between 1% to 10% after primary and revisions joint arthroplasties, respectively. So far, there have been no published national PJI data which would be helpful at developing local preventive strategies and guide surgeons and clinicians. We aimed at describing the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological PJI results of a national and collaboration study among infectious diseases specialists and orthopaedic surgeons, including academic, public and private institutions.