Decompression of the carpal tunnel is a common surgical procedure. Although the incidence of the carpal tunnel syndrome increases with age, there is no clear information available on the outcome of surgery in relation to age. We studied prospectively 87 consecutive patients who underwent decompression, using a validated self-administered questionnaire, and found that improvement in symptoms and function decreased with increasing age. This was most marked in patients over the age of sixty years

We describe a safe and easy percutaneous technique for release of trigger finger using a specially designed knife. The A1 pulley is sectioned by a blade which has a hooked end. We released, percutaneously, 185 trigger fingers, including 62 which were locked using this technique. Satisfactory results were achieved in 173 (93.5%). There were no significant complications. We recommend this as a safe and effective outpatient procedure for those patients who have not responded successfully to conservative treatment, have longstanding symptoms or severe triggering

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common condition and clinical diagnosis is often easily made. A system of direct referral for day-case carpal tunnel surgery was introduced. General practitioners, physicians and surgeons were advised of the service and the criteria for referral, which included female patients with bilateral symptoms and physical signs, and some response to conservative treatment. All patients were reviewed preoperatively by the senior author (GEBG). The service was an alternative to standard outpatient referral. A total of 51 patients was seen. Two were refused surgery. In all those who underwent surgery, the symptoms either resolved or were improved. The service was well received, although some patients felt that they were poorly informed preoperatively. The mean waiting time for surgery was reduced by four months and the patients avoided an outpatient appointment. Direct access day-case carpal tunnel surgery works well by reducing delays and the costs of treatment. Adequate patient information is important to make the best of the service

We have examined whether the rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid which is seen in patients with advanced Kienböck’s disease is associated with scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) wrist. We studied 16 patients (11 men, 5 women) who had stage-IV Kienböck’s disease with chronic subluxation of the scaphoid. All had received conservative treatment. The mean period of affection with Kienböck’s disease was 30 years (14 to 49). No wrist had SLAC. In eight patients, 24 years or more after the onset of the disease, the articular surface of the radius had been remodelled by the subluxed scaphoid with maintenance of the joint space. The wrists of six patients were considered to be excellent, nine good, and one fair according to the clinical criteria of Dornan. Our findings have shown that rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid in Kienböck’s disease is not a cause of SLAC wrist and therefore that scaphotrapezio-trapezoid arthrodesis is not required for the management of these patients

The advantages and disadvantages of endoscopic compared with open carpal tunnelreleasearecontroversial. We have performed a prospective, randomised, blinded assessment in a district general hospital in order to determine if there was any demonstrable advantage in undertaking either technique. Twenty-five patients with confirmed bilateral idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome were randomised to undergo endoscopic release by the single portal Agee technique to one hand and open release to the other. Independent preoperative and postoperative assessment was undertaken by a hand therapist who was blinded to the type of treatment. Follow-up was for 12 months. The operating time was two minutes shorter for the open technique (p < 0.005). At all stages of postoperative assessment, the endoscopic technique had no significant advantages in terms of return of muscle strength and assessment of hand function, grip strength, manual dexterity or sensation. In comparison with open release, single-portal endoscopic carpal tunnel release has a similar incidence of complications and a similar return of hand function, but is a slightly slower technique to undertake

A vascular necrosis of the lunate, first described by Kienböck, can be treated either conservatively or by various surgical procedures. We compared the results of 18 conservatively treated patients, all of whom had stage-2 or stage-3 disease, with those of 15 who underwent a radial shortening procedure. We evaluated pain, range of movement, grip strength and functional disability, and determined the progression of the disease by assessing radiologically carpal height, the width and flattening of the lunate, the radioscaphoid angle, the pattern of the fracture and sclerosis and cysts. The mean follow-up was for 3.6 years (1.5 to 9). Patients treated by radial shortening had less pain and better grip strength than those managed conservatively. In some patients with stage-3 disease treated conservatively there was rapid deterioration to carpal collapse. Although radial shortening did not reverse or prevent carpal collapse, it slowed down the process in patients with stage-3 disease. We recommend a radial shortening procedure for patients with severe pain and radiological signs of progressive carpal collapse

In a previous study the prevalence of Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) in patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) was found to be 60% which is much higher than that in the general population. We undertook a further study of the same cohort of patients have both CTS and RP and who had an open release of the carpal tunnel, to observe the effects of the operation on RP. We observed whether the symptoms of RP improved, and repeated the cold provocation tests to see if the arterial pulse which was decreased before operation would recover. We rated the outcome as good when the patients showed both an improvement of the symptoms of RP and a normal pulse amplitude after exposure to cold, fair when the pulse amplitude recovered to more than two-thirds of that before exposure, and poor when cold hypersensitivity was persistent or showed the same degree of decreased pulse amplitude as observed before operation. Of the 18 patients with both conditions, ten (56%) had good and four (22%) fair results, with a mean recovery time of 4.2 months (6 weeks to 1 year) after operation. If the vasospasm seen in RP is an expression of vasomotor irritation in the carpal tunnel, these findings suggest that local compression of vasomotor fibres in the carpal tunnel can also be relieved by the release of this structure. Careful consideration, however, is still required in treating patients with both conditions since in some cases. RP may be superimposed or it may have other origins

We investigated the association of Dupuytren’s contracture with smoking and with alcohol by a case-control study in which 222 patients having an operation for this condition were matched for age, operation date and gender with control patients having other orthopaedic operations. Fifty of the cases were also each matched with four community controls. Data were collected by postal questionnaire. Dupuytren’s contracture needing operation was strongly associated with current cigarette smoking (adjusted odds ratio 2.8 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5 to 5.2)). The mean lifetime cigarette consumption was 16.7 pack-years for the cases compared with 12.0 pack-years for the controls (p = 0.016). Dupuytren’s contracture was also associated with an Alcohol Use Disorders Test score greater than 7 (adjusted odds ratio 1.9 (95% CI 1.02 to 3.57)). Mean weekly alcohol consumption was 7.3 units for cases and 5.4 units for controls (p = 0.016). The excess risk associated with alcohol did not appear to be due to a confounding effect of smoking, or vice versa. Smoking increases the risk of developing Dupuytren’s contracture and may contribute to its prevalence in alcoholics, who tend to smoke heavily