Last minute cancellations of operations are a major waste of NHS resources. This study identifies the number of late cancellations at our elective orthopaedic centre, the reasons for them, the costs involved, and whether they are avoidable. Last minute cancellations of operations in a 7-month period from January to July 2009 were examined. 172 cases out of 3330 scheduled operations were cancelled at the last minute (5.2%). Significantly more cancellations occurred during the winter months due to seasonal illness. The commonest causes for cancellation in descending order of frequency were patient unfit/unwell (n=76, 44.2%), lack of theatre time (n=32, 18.6%), patient self cancelled/DNA (n=20, 11.6%), staff unavailable or sick (n=9, 5.2%), theatre or equipment problem (n=8, 4.7%), operation no longer required (n=8, 4.7%), administrative error (n=7, 4.1%) or no bed available (n=5, 2.9%). In 7 out of the 172 cancelled cases (4.1%) no cause was identified. 59.7% of the cases were potentially avoidable. 3.2% of Patients seen in the specialist pre-operative anaesthetic clinic (POAC) were cancelled at the last minute for being unfit or unwell, compared to 2.2% seen in the routine