Displaced acetabular fractures in the older patient present significant treatment challenges. There is evidence the morbidity and mortality associated is similar to the fractured neck of femur cohort. Despite growing literature, there remains significant controversy regarding treatment algorithms; varying between conservative management, to fracture fixation and finally surgical fixation and simultaneous THA to allow immediate full weight bearing. £250k NIHR, Research for Patient Benefit (Ref: PB-PG-0815-20054). Trial ethical approval (17/EE/0271). After national consultation, 3 arms included; conservative management, fracture fixation and simultaneous fracture fixation with THA. Statistical analysis required minimum 12 patients/3 arms to show feasibility, with an optimum 20/arm. Inclusion criteria; patients >60 years & displaced acetabular fracture. Exclusion criteria: open fracture, THA in situ, pre-injury immobility, polytrauma. Primary outcome measure - ability recruit & EQ-5D-5L at 6 months. Secondary outcome measures (9 months); OHS, Disability Rating Index, radiographs, perioperative physiological variables including surgery duration, blood loss, complications and health economics. 11 UK level 1 major trauma centres enrolled into the trial, commenced December 2017. Failure surgical equipoise was identified as an issue regarding recruitment. Full trial recruitment (60 patients) achieved; 333 patients screened. 66% male, median age 76 (range 63–93), median BMI 25 (range 18–37), 87% full mental capacity, 77% admitted from own home. 75% fall from standing height. 60% fractures; anterior column posterior hemi-transverse. Trial feasibility confirmed December 2020. Presented data- secondary outcomes that are statistically significant in improvement from baseline for only the fix and replace arm, with acceptable trial complications. Issues are highlighted with conservative management in this patient cohort. Our unique RCT informs design and sample size calculation for a future RCT. It represents the first opportunity to understand the intricacies of these treatment modalities. This RCT provides clinicians with information on how best to provide management for this medically complex patient cohort.
Aims. To describe the epidemiology of acetabular fractures including patient characteristics, injury mechanisms, fracture patterns, treatment, and mortality. Methods. We retrieved information from the Swedish Fracture Register (SFR) on all patients with acetabular fractures, of the native hip joint in the adult skeleton, sustained between 2014 and 2020. Study variables included patient age, sex, injury date, injury mechanism, fracture classification, treatment, and mortality. Results. In total, 2,132 patients with acetabular fractures from the SFR were included in the study. The majority of the patients were male (62%) and aged over 70 years old (62%). For patients aged > 70 years, the 30-day mortality was 8% and one-year mortality 24%. For patients aged ≤ 70 years, the 30-day mortality was 0.2% and one-year mortality 2%. Low-energy injuries (63%) and anterior wall fractures (20%) were most common. Treatment was most often
Current treatment options for displaced acetabular fractures in elderly patients include
Background. Orthopaedic surgeons are exposed to high levels of noise when performing common surgical procedures. Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) has been demonstrated amongst senior orthopaedic staff. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hearing loss amongst arthroplasty surgeons compared to
Hip prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a debilitating complication following joint replacement surgery, with significant impact on patients and healthcare systems. The INFection ORthopaedic Management: Evidence into Practice (INFORM:EP) study, builds upon the 6-year INFORM programme by developing evidence-based guidelines for the identification and management of hip PJI. A panel of 21 expert stakeholders collaborated to develop best practice guidelines based on evidence from INFORM \[1\]. An expert consensus process was used to refine guidelines using RAND/UCLA criteria. The guidelines were then implemented over a 12-month period through a Learning Collaborative of 24 healthcare professionals from 12 orthopaedic centres in England. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 17 members of the collaborative and findings used to inform the development of an implementation support toolkit. Patient and public involvement contextualised the implementation of the guidelines. The study is registered with the ISCRTN (34710385). The INFORM guidelines, structured around the stages of PJI management, were largely supported by surgeons, although barriers included limited awareness among
Proximal hamstring tendon avulsion from the ischial tuberosity is a significant injury, with surgical repair shown to have superior functional outcomes compared to
To date there is no medical treatment alternative to surgery for osteolysis after THA. In this proof-of-concept clinical trial we examined the effect of a human monoclonal antibody against osteoclasts versus placebo on osteolytic lesion activity in patients undergoing revision surgery. Patients scheduled for revision for symptomatic osteolysis were randomised (1:1) to receive either denosumab 60mg or placebo subcutaneously eight weeks prior to operation. At surgery, biopsies from the osteolytic membrane-bone interface were taken for histomorphometric analysis of osteoclast number. Secondary outcome measures included systemic bone turnover markers. 22 subjects completed the study (10 denosumab). The denosumab group had 83% (−63 to −97), P=0.011 fewer osteoclasts at osteolytic lesion sites, 87% lower osteoclast surface (−65 to −95, P=0.009), and 72% lower eroded surface (−35 to −93, P=0.020) versus the placebo group. At surgery, serum CTX-I, TRAP5b and PINP were 80% (−65 to −95, p<0.001), 57% (−40 to −90, p<0.001), and 44% (−41 to −65, p<0.001) lower in the denosumab versus placebo groups, respectively. The rate of adverse events (denosumab 6, placebo 7) were similar between groups (P>0.05). These data provide a biological basis for a definitive clinical trial using pain, function and prosthesis survival as the study endpoints. As osteolysis/ aseptic loosening is the leading cause of prosthesis failure world-wide, the establishment of a
Aims. Iliopsoas pathology is a relatively uncommon cause of pain following total hip arthroplasty (THA), typically presenting with symptoms of groin pain on active flexion and/or extension of the hip. A variety of conservative and surgical treatment options have been reported. In this retrospective cohort study, we report the incidence of iliopsoas pathology and treatment outcomes. Methods. A retrospective review of 1,000 patients who underwent THA over a five-year period was conducted, to determine the incidence of patients diagnosed with iliopsoas pathology. Outcome following
Background. Delay in access to primary total hip (THA) arthroplasty continues to pose a substantial burden to patients and society in publicly funded healthcare systems. The majority of strategies to decrease wait times have focused on the time from surgical consult to surgery, however a large proportion of total wait time for these patients is the time from primary care referral to surgical consultation. Prioritization scoring tools and patient reported outcome measures are being used in an attempt to ration limited resources in the face of increasing demand. However, to our knowledge, no study has investigated whether a referral Oxford Hip Score (OHS) could be used to triage
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in total hip arthroplasty in the elderly may occur but has been subject to limited investigation. This study analyzed infection characteristics, surgical outcomes, and perioperative complications of octogenarians undergoing treatment for PJI in a single university-based institution. We identified 33 patients who underwent treatment for PJIs of the hip between January 2010 and December 2019 using our institutional joint registry. Mean age was 82 years (80 to 90), with 19 females (57%) and a mean BMI of 26 kg/m2 (17 to 41). Mean American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade was 3 (1 to 4) and mean Charlson Comorbidity Index was 6 (4 to 10). Leading pathogens included coagulase-negative Staphylococci (45%) and Aims
Methods
Post-traumatic periprosthetic acetabular fractures are rare but serious. Few studies carried out on small cohorts have reported them in the literature. The aim of this work is to describe the specific characteristics of post-traumatic periprosthetic acetabular fractures, and the outcome of their surgical treatment in terms of function and complications. Patients with this type of fracture were identified retrospectively over a period of six years (January 2016 to December 2021). The following data were collected: demographic characteristics, date of insertion of the prosthesis, details of the intervention, date of the trauma, characteristics of the fracture, and type of treatment. Functional results were assessed with the Harris Hip Score (HHS). Data concerning complications of treatment were collected.Aims
Methods
The number of revision arthroplasties being performed in the elderly is expected to rise, including revision for infection. The primary aim of this study was to measure the treatment success rate for octogenarians undergoing revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) compared to a younger cohort. Secondary outcomes were complications and mortality. Patients undergoing one- or two-stage revision of a primary THA for PJI between January 2008 and January 2021 were identified. Age, sex, BMI, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), McPherson systemic host grade, and causative organism were collated for all patients. PJI was classified as ‘confirmed’, ‘likely’, or ‘unlikely’ according to the 2021 European Bone and Joint Infection Society criteria. Primary outcomes were complications, reoperation, re-revision, and successful treatment of PJI. A total of 37 patients aged 80 years or older and 120 patients aged under 80 years were identified. The octogenarian group had a significantly lower BMI and significantly higher CCI and McPherson systemic host grades compared to the younger cohort.Aims
Methods
In order to release the contracture band completely without damaging normal tissues (such as the sciatic nerve) in the surgical treatment of gluteal muscle contracture (GMC), we tried to display the relationship between normal tissue and contracture bands by magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) images, and to predesign a minimally invasive surgery based on the MRN images in advance. A total of 30 patients (60 hips) were included in this study. MRN scans of the pelvis were performed before surgery. The contracture band shape and external rotation angle (ERA) of the proximal femur were also analyzed. Then, the minimally invasive GMC releasing surgery was performed based on the images and measurements, and during the operation, incision lengths, surgery duration, intraoperative bleeding, and complications were recorded; the time of the first postoperative off-bed activity was also recorded. Furthermore, the patients’ clinical functions were evaluated by means of Hip Outcome Score (HOS) and Ye et al’s objective assessments, respectively.Aims
Methods
Pelvic tilt is believed to affect the symptomology of osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip by alterations in joint movement, dysplasia of the hip by modification of acetabular cover, and femoroacetabular impingement by influencing the impingement-free range of motion. While the apparent role of pelvic tilt in hip pathology has been reported, the exact effects of many forms of treatment on pelvic tilt are unknown. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effects of surgery on pelvic tilt in these three groups of patients. The demographic, radiological, and outcome data for all patients operated on by the senior author between October 2016 and January 2020 were identified from a prospective registry, and all those who underwent surgery with a primary diagnosis of OA, dysplasia, or femoroacetabular impingement were considered for inclusion. Pelvic tilt was assessed on anteroposterior (AP) standing radiographs using the pre- and postoperative pubic symphysis to sacroiliac joint (PS-SI) distance, and the outcomes were assessed with the Hip Outcome Score (HOS), International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12), and Harris Hip Score (HHS).Aims
Methods
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between reason for revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) and outcomes in terms of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). We reviewed a prospective cohort of 647 patients undergoing full or partial rTHA at a single high-volume centre with a minimum of two years’ follow-up. The reasons for revision were classified as: infection; aseptic loosening; dislocation; structural failure; and painful THA for other reasons. PROMs (modified Oxford Hip Score (mOHS), EuroQol five-dimension three-level health questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) score, and visual analogue scales for pain during rest and activity), complication rates, and failure rates were compared among the groups.Aims
Methods
The aim of this study was to assess medium-term improvements following total hip arthroplasty (THA), and to evaluate what effect different preoperative Oxford Hip Score (OHS) thresholds for treatment may have on patients’ access to THA and outcomes. Patients undergoing primary THA at our institution with an OHS both preoperatively and at least four years postoperatively were included. Rationing thresholds were explored to identify possible deprivation of OHS improvement.Aims
Methods
The aim of this study was to estimate time to arthroplasty among patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), and to identify factors at enrolment to first-line intervention that are prognostic for progression to surgery. In this longitudinal register-based observational study, we identified 72,069 patients with hip and knee OA in the Better Management of Patients with Osteoarthritis Register (BOA), who were referred for first-line OA intervention, between May 2008 and December 2016. Patients were followed until the first primary arthroplasty surgery before 31 December 2016, stratified into a hip and a knee OA cohort. Data were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier and multivariable-adjusted Cox regression.Aims
Methods
There is a paucity of available literature to guide the surgeon treating postoperative fractures of the greater trochanter after femoral component revision. Between 2009 and 2016, 133 patients underwent femoral component revision by the senior author utilizing a modular tapered fluted titanium stem. 17 patients died or had inadequate follow-up. Therefore, 116 patients were included in the final analysis. There were 58 males and 58 females with a mean age of 64 (range 23 to 91 years old). Clinical and radiographic data were analyzed for postoperative greater trochanteric fracture (GTfx). Mean clinical follow up was 21 months (range 3 to 77 mos). Age, BMI, preoperative diagnosis, comorbidities, reason for revision, use of Extended Trochanteric Osteotomy (ETO), fixation method of ETO, presence of prior hardware, post-operative trauma (falls), femoral component size and offset, change in leg length were analyzed to determine potential risk factors for postoperative GT fracture. There were 7 postoperative greater trochanteric fractures in 7 patients (6%). Of these, 1 occurred as a result of a postoperative fall, 1 occurred after dislocation, and 1 occurred after a fall with a subsequent dislocation. The mean time to diagnosis of the fracture was 10.7 weeks postoperatively (range one day to 37.4 weeks). 52 of 116 patients had their revision performed through an ETO. Of those, 6 had a postoperative fracture of the GT. The use of an ETO significantly increased the likelihood of postoperative GT fx (p=0.035). Regarding femoral component size, use of a longer proximal body (+10 or greater) was associated with an increased risk of postoperative GT fx (p=0.07). Two fractures were minimally (<1cm) or non-displaced and were treated non-operatively. Of these fractures, 1 united. The other fracture further displaced and resulted in recurrent instability. This was treated with excision of the fragment and a constrained liner. 5 fractures were displaced and were treated with ORIF. 3 were fixed with a cable grip device, 1 was plated, and 1 was treated with a cable grip device and a constrained liner. Of those treated with some form of ORIF, all 5 healed. Of those that underwent surgical fixation initially, 3 reported residual trochanteric pain and 1 patient had their hardware removed (trochanteric claw). 2 of these patients have a residual limp and require a cane for use as a gait aid. The patient treated non-surgically required a cane as did the patient that failed
Aseptic loosening is a leading cause of uncemented arthroplasty failure, often accompanied by fibrotic tissue at the bone-implant interface. A biological target, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), was investigated as a crucial connection between the innate immune system’s response to injury, fibrotic tissue development, and proper bone healing. Prevalence of NETs in peri-implant fibrotic tissue from aseptic loosening patients was assessed. A murine model of osseointegration failure was used to test the hypothesis that inhibition (through Patient peri-implant fibrotic tissue was analyzed for NETs biomarkers. To enhance osseointegration in loose implant conditions, an innate immune system pathway (NETs) was either inhibited (Aims
Methods
The effect of pelvic tilt (PT) and sagittal balance in hips with pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) with acetabular retroversion (AR) is controversial. It is unclear if patients with AR have a rotational abnormality of the iliac wing. Therefore, we asked: are parameters for sagittal balance, and is rotation of the iliac wing, different in patients with AR compared to a control group?; and is there a correlation between iliac rotation and acetabular version? A retrospective, review board-approved, controlled study was performed including 120 hips in 86 consecutive patients with symptomatic FAI or hip dysplasia. Pelvic CT scans were reviewed to calculate parameters for sagittal balance (pelvic incidence (PI), PT, and sacral slope), anterior pelvic plane angle, pelvic inclination, and external rotation of the iliac wing and were compared to a control group (48 hips). The 120 hips were allocated to the following groups: AR (41 hips), hip dysplasia (47 hips) and cam FAI with normal acetabular morphology (32 hips). Subgroups of total AR (15 hips) and high acetabular anteversion (20 hips) were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction.Aims
Methods