Biomechanical interpretations of bone adaptation in biological reconstructions following bone tumors would be crucial for orthopedic oncologists, particularly if based on quantitative observations. This would help to plan for surgical treatments, rehabilitative programs and communication with the patients. In particular, outcomes of the Capanna technique, which combines bone allograft and vascularized fibula autograft, lead to stable and durable reconstructions [1, 2], and different remodeling patterns have been described [3] as a response to mechanical loading. However, there are several events that are not understood and require a biomechanical interpretation, as the evolution patterns can evolve towards conditions that threaten the strength of the reconstruction. We aimed to (i) analyze the biomechanical adaptation of a femoral reconstruction after
Primary bone tumours of the clavicle are rare. Currently the existing literature is limited to a single case series and case reports or cases. Information regarding the patient's demographics and tumour types is therefore limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the and also suggest a management protocol for suspected primary bone tumours of the clavicle. We retrospectively reviewed the Scottish Bone Tumour Register from January 1971 to January 2012 and included all primary bone tumours of the clavicle. We identified only sixteen primary bone tumours over forty one year's highlighting the rarity of these tumours. There were ten benign and six malignant tumours with a mean age of 32 years (Range 4 to 66). The average presentation to orthopaedics after onset of symptoms was two months with five patients presenting following a pathological fracture. Malignant tumour types identified were consistent with previous literature with two cases of
We evaluated the possible induction of a systemic immune response to increase anti-tumour activity by the re-implantation of destructive tumour tissue treated by liquid nitrogen in a murine osteosarcoma (LM8) model. The tumours were randomised to treatment by excision alone or by cryotreatment after excision. Tissue from the tumour was frozen in liquid nitrogen, thawed in distilled water and then re-implanted in the same animal. In addition, some mice received an immunological response modifier of OK-432 after treatment. We measured the levels of interferon-gamma and interleukin-12 cytokines and the cytotoxicity activity of splenocytes against murine LM8 osteosarcoma cells. The number of lung and the size of abdominal metastases were also measured. Re-implantation of tumour tissue after cryotreatment activated immune responses and inhibited metastatic tumour growth. OK-432 synergistically enhanced the anti-tumour effect. Our results suggest that the treatment of malignant bone tumours by reconstruction using autografts containing tumours which have been treated by liquid nitrogen may be of clinical value.