Aims. A pragmatic multicentre randomised controlled trial (PROFHER)
was conducted in United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS) hospitals
to evaluate the clinical
This 501-patient, multi-centre, randomised controlled trial sought
to establish the effect of low-intensity, pulsed, ultrasound (LIPUS)
on tibial shaft fractures managed with intramedullary nailing. We
conducted an economic evaluation as part of this trial. Data for patients’ use of post-operative healthcare resources
and time taken to return to work were collected and costed using
publicly available sources. Health-related quality of life, assessed
using the Health Utilities Index Mark-3 (HUI-3), was used to derive
quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Costs and QALYs were compared
between LIPUS and control (a placebo device) from a payer and societal
perspective using non-parametric bootstrapping. All costs are reported
in 2015 Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated.Aims
Patients and Methods
The primary aim of this study was to undertake a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of acute fixation versus conservative management of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. The secondary aim was to conduct a sensitivity analysis of patient characteristics that may influence a threshold of £20,000 per quality-adjusted life year gained (QALY). A CEA was conducted from a randomised control trial comparing conservative management (n=92) to acute plate fixation (n=86) of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. The incremental
Introduction:. The developing world often lacks the resources to effectively treat the most serious injuries, potentially resulting in severe complications of orthopaedic trauma, including osteomyelitis following open fractures or surgical fracture treatment. Antibiotic cement beads are now a widely accepted method of delivering antibiotics locally to the infected area following trauma. This study is based in Cambodia, a low income country struggling to recover from a recent genocide. Aims:. This project studied the effectiveness of locally made antibiotic beads, analysing their effectiveness after being gas sterilised, packaged and kept in storage. Methods:. Different antibiotic beads were manufactured locally using Simplex cement and tested against MRSA bacteria grown from a case of osteomyelitis. Each antibiotic was tested before and after a process of gas sterilisation as well as later being tested after storage in packaging up to 42 days. Results:. The gentamicin, vancomycin, amikacin and ceftriaxone beads all inhibited growth of the MRSA on the TSB and agar plates, both before and after gas sterilisation. All four antibiotics continued to show similar zones of inhibition after 42 days of storage, with slight fluctuations from week to week. Conclusion:. The four antibiotic beads manufactured using limited resources and in the austere environment were all effective in inhibiting bacterial growth. The growth of MRSA was inhibited by the antibiotic beads. Gas sterilisation or storage at room temperature for up to 42 days did not adversely deteriorate the efficacy of the beads. The results show significant promise to produce beads with locally obtainable ingredients in an austere environment and improve
Musculoskeletal infection is a devastating complication in both trauma and elective orthopaedic surgeries that can result in significant morbidity. Aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and complications of local antibiotic impregnated dissolvable synthetic calcium sulphate beads (Stimulan Rapid Cure) in the hands of different surgeons from multiple centres in surgically managed bone and joint infections. Between January 2019 and December 2022, 106 patients with bone and joint infections were treated by five surgeons in five hospitals. Surgical debridement and calcium sulphate bead insertion was performed for local elution of antibiotics in high concentration. In all, 100 patients were available for follow-up at regular intervals. Choice of antibiotic was tailor made for each patient in consultation with microbiologist based on the organism grown on culture and the sensitivity. In majority of our cases, we used a combination of vancomycin and culture sensitive heat stable antibiotic after a thorough debridement of the site. Primary wound closure was achieved in 99 patients and a split skin graft closure was done in one patient. Mean follow-up was 20 months (12 to 30).Aims
Methods
Hip fractures are associated with excess mortality, and several studies have pointed out the burden on society health care costs and the need to optimize
To compare the cost-effectiveness of high-dose, dual-antibiotic cement versus single-antibiotic cement for the treatment of displaced intracapsular hip fractures in older adults. Using data from a multicentre randomized controlled trial (World Hip Trauma Evaluation 8 (WHiTE-8)) in the UK, a within-trial economic evaluation was conducted. Resource usage was measured over 120 days post randomization, and cost-effectiveness was reported in terms of incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY), gained from the UK NHS and personal social services (PSS) perspective in the base-case analysis. Methodological uncertainty was addressed using sensitivity analysis, while decision uncertainty was handled using confidence ellipses and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves.Aims
Methods
Patients receiving cemented hemiarthroplasties after hip fracture have a significant risk of deep surgical site infection (SSI). Standard UK practice to minimize the risk of SSI includes the use of antibiotic-loaded bone cement with no consensus regarding type, dose, or antibiotic content of the cement. This is the protocol for a randomized clinical trial to investigate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of high dose dual antibiotic-loaded cement in comparison to low dose single antibiotic-loaded cement in patients 60 years and over receiving a cemented hemiarthroplasty for an intracapsular hip fracture. The WHiTE 8 Copal Or Palacos Antibiotic Loaded bone cement trial (WHiTE 8 COPAL) is a multicentre, multi-surgeon, parallel, two-arm, randomized clinical trial. The pragmatic study will be embedded in the World Hip Trauma Evaluation (WHiTE) (ISRCTN 63982700). Participants, including those that lack capacity, will be allocated on a 1:1 basis stratified by recruitment centre to either a low dose single antibiotic-loaded bone cement or a high dose dual antibiotic-loaded bone cement. The primary analysis will compare the differences in deep SSI rate as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention within 90 days of surgery via medical record review and patient self-reported questionnaires. Secondary outcomes include UK Core Outcome Set for hip fractures, complications, rate of antibiotic prescription, resistance patterns of deep SSI, and resource use (more specifically, cost-effectiveness) up to four months post-randomization. A minimum of 4,920 patients will be recruited to obtain 90% power to detect an absolute difference of 1.5% in the rate of deep SSI at 90 days for the expected 3% deep SSI rate in the control group.Aims
Methods
To compare the cost-utility of standard dressing with incisional negative-pressure wound therapy (iNPWT) in adults with closed surgical wounds associated with major trauma to the lower limbs. A within-trial economic evaluation was conducted from the UK NHS and personal social services (PSS) perspective based on data collected from the Wound Healing in Surgery for Trauma (WHiST) multicentre randomized clinical trial. Health resource utilization was collected over a six-month post-randomization period using trial case report forms and participant-completed questionnaires. Cost-utility was reported in terms of incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the robustness of cost-effectiveness estimates while uncertainty was handled using confidence ellipses and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves.Aims
Methods
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the type of operation used to treat a trochanteric fracture of the hip and 30-day mortality. Data on 82 990 patients from the National Hip Fracture Database were analyzed using generalized linear models with incremental case-mix adjustment for patient, non-surgical and surgical characteristics, and socioeconomic factors.Aims
Patients and Methods
The aims of this study were to quantify health state utility
values (HSUVs) after a tibial fracture, investigate the effect of
complications, to determine the trajectory in HSUVs that result
in these differences and to quantify the quality-adjusted life years
(QALYs) experienced by patients. This is an analysis of 2138 tibial fractures enrolled in the
Fluid Lavage of Open Wounds (FLOW) and Study to Prospectively Evaluate
Reamed Intramedullary Nails in Patients with Tibial Fractures (SPRINT)
trials. Patients returned for follow-up at two and six weeks and
three, six, nine and 12 months. Short-Form Six-Dimension (SF-6D) values
were calculated and used to calculate QALYs.Aims
Patients and Methods
The aims of this study were to estimate the cost of surgical
treatment of fractures of the proximal humerus using a micro-costing
methodology, contrast this cost with the national reimbursement
tariff and establish the major determinants of cost. A detailed inpatient treatment pathway was constructed using
semi-structured interviews with 32 members of hospital staff. Its
content validity was established through a Delphi panel evaluation.
Costs were calculated using time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC)
and sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the determinants
of costAims
Methods
We randomly allocated 60 consecutive patients with fractures of the waist of the scaphoid to percutaneous fixation with a cannulated Acutrak screw or immobilisation in a cast. The range of movement, the grip and pinch strength, the modified Green/O’Brien functional score, return to work and sports, and radiological evidence of union were evaluated at each follow-up visit. Patients were followed sequentially for one year. Those undergoing percutaneous screw fixation showed a quicker time to union (9.2 weeks We recommend that all active patients should be offered percutaneous stabilisation for fractures of the waist of the scaphoid.
