Abstract. Background. The aim of the present experimental study was to analyse vancomycin elution
Introduction. Weight is a modifiable risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Despite the emphasis on weight loss, data quantifying the changes seen in joint biomechanics are limited. Bariatric surgery patients experience rapid weight loss. This provides a suitable population to study changes in joint forces and function as weight changes. Method. 10 female patients undergoing gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy completed 3D walking gait analysis at a self-selected pace, pre- and 6 months post-surgery. Lower limb and torso kinematic data for 10 walking trials were collected using a Vicon motion capture system and
The human wrist is a highly complex joint, offering extensive motion across various planes. This study investigates scapholunate ligament (SLL) injuries’ impact on wrist stability and arthritis risks using cadaveric experiments and the finite element (FE) method. It aims to validate experimental findings with FE analysis results. The study utilized eight wrist specimens on a custom rig to investigate Scapho-Lunate dissociation. Contact pressure and flexion were measured using sensors. A CT-based 3D geometry reconstruction approach was used to create the geometries needed for the FE analysis. The study used the Friedman test with pairwise comparisons to assess if differences between testing conditions were statistically significant.Introduction
Method
The mechanism by which synovial fluid (SF) kills bacteria has not yet been elucidated, and a better understanding is needed. We sought to analyze the antimicrobial properties of exogenous copper in human SF against We performed in vitro growth and viability assays to determine the capability of Aims
Methods
We aimed to determine the concentrations of synovial vancomycin and meropenem in patients treated by single-stage revision combined with intra-articular infusion following periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), thereby validating this drug delivery approach. We included 14 patients with PJI as noted in their medical records between November 2021 and August 2022, comprising eight hip and seven knee joint infections, with one patient experiencing bilateral knee infections. The patients underwent single-stage revision surgery, followed by intra-articular infusion of vancomycin and meropenem (50,000 µg/ml). Synovial fluid samples were collected to assess antibiotic concentrations using high-performance liquid chromatography.Aims
Methods
Aims. This study aimed to analyze kinematics and
A ceramic-on-ceramic hip resurfacing implant (cHRA) was developed and introduced in an MHRA-approved clinical investigation to provide a non metallic alternative hip resurfacing product. This study aimed to examine function and physical activity levels of patients with a cHRA implant using subjective and objective measures both before and 12 months following surgery in comparison with age and gender matched healthy controls. Eighty-two unilateral cHRA patients consented to this study as part of a larger prospective, non-randomised, clinical investigation. In addition to their patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), self- reported measures of physical activity levels and gait analysis were undertaken both pre- operatively (1.5 weeks) and post operatively (52 weeks). This data was then compared to data from a group of 43 age gender and BMI matched group of healthy controls.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most common and debilitating knee injuries in professional athletes with an incidence in females up to eight-times higher than their male counterparts. ACL injuries can be career-threatening and are associated with increased risk of developing knee osteoarthritis in future life. The increased risk of ACL injury in females has been attributed to various anatomical, developmental, neuromuscular, and hormonal factors. Anatomical and hormonal factors have been identified and investigated as significant contributors including osseous anatomy, ligament laxity, and hamstring muscular recruitment. Postural stability and impact absorption are associated with the stabilizing effort and stress on the ACL during sport activity, increasing the risk of noncontact pivot injury. Female patients have smaller diameter hamstring autografts than males, which may predispose to increased risk of re-rupture following ACL reconstruction and to an increased risk of chondral and meniscal injuries. The addition of an extra-articular tenodesis can reduce the risk of failure; therefore, it should routinely be considered in young elite athletes. Prevention programs target key aspects of training including plyometrics, strengthening, balance, endurance and stability, and neuromuscular training, reducing the risk of ACL injuries in female athletes by up to 90%. Sex disparities in access to training facilities may also play an important role in the risk of ACL injuries between males and females. Similarly, football boots, pitches quality, and football size and weight should be considered and tailored around females’ characteristics. Finally, high levels of personal and sport-related stress have been shown to increase the risk of ACL injury which may be related to alterations in attention and coordination, together with increased muscular tension, and compromise the return to sport after ACL injury. Further investigations are still necessary to better understand and address the risk factors involved in ACL injuries in female athletes. Cite this article:
Electrospinning is an advantageous technique for cartilage tissue engineering (CTE) applications due to its ability to produce nanofibers recapitulating the size and alignment of the collagen fibers present within the articular cartilage superficial zone. Moreover, coaxial electrospinning allows the fabrication of core-shell fibers able to encapsulate and release bioactive molecules in a sustained manner. Kartogenin (KTG) is a small heterocyclic molecule, which was demonstrated to promote the chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells(hBMSCs)[1]. In this work, we developed and evaluated the biological performance of core-shell poly(glycerol sebacate)(PGS)/poly(caprolactone)(PCL) aligned nanofibers (core:PGS/shell:PCL) mimicking the native articular cartilage extracellular matrix(ECM) and able to promote the sustained release of the chondroinductive drug KTG[2]. The produced coaxial aligned PGS/PCL scaffolds were characterized in terms of their structure and fiber diameter, chemical composition, thermal properties, mechanical performance under tensile testing and in vitro degradation
Hop tests are used to determine return to sports after ACL reconstruction. They mostly measure distance and symmetry but do not assess kinematics and
The term macromolecular crowding is used to describe equilibria and
Research on hip biomechanics has analyzed femoroacetabular contact pressures and forces in distinct hip conditions, with different procedures, and used diverse loading and testing conditions. The aim of this scoping review was to identify and summarize the available evidence in the literature for hip contact pressures and force in cadaver and in vivo studies, and how joint loading, labral status, and femoral and acetabular morphology can affect these biomechanical parameters. We used the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews for this literature search in three databases. After screening, 16 studies were included for the final analysis.Aims
Methods
Abstract. OBJECTIVES. Application of deep learning approaches to marker trajectories and ground reaction forces (mocap data), is often hampered by small datasets. Enlarging dataset size is possible using some simple numerical approaches, although these may not be suited to preserving the physiological relevance of mocap data. We propose augmenting mocap data using a deep learning architecture called “generative adversarial networks” (GANs). We demonstrate appropriate use of GANs can capture variations of walking patterns due to subject- and task-specific conditions (mass, leg length, age, gender and walking speed), which significantly affect walking kinematics and
Abstract. Objectives. Osteoarthritis is a common articular cartilage disorder and causes a significant global disease burden. Articular cartilage has a limited capacity of repair and there is increasing interest in the use of cell-based therapies to facilitate repair including the use of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs). There is some evidence in the literature that suggests that advancing age and gender is associated with declining MSC function, including reduced proliferation and differentiation potential, and greater cellular apoptosis. In our study, we first performed a systematic review of the literature to determine the effects of chronological age and gender on the in vitro properties of MSCs, and then performed a laboratory study to investigate these properties. Methods and Results. We initially conducted a PRISMA systematic review of the literature to review the evidence base for the effects of chronological age and gender on the in vitro properties of MSCs including cell numbers, expansion, cell surface characterization and differentiation potential. This was followed by laboratory-based experiments to assess these properties. Compare the extent of the effect of age on MSC cell marker expression, proliferation and pathways. Tissue from patients undergoing total knee replacement surgery was used to isolate MSCs from the synovium, fat pad and bone fragments using a method developed in our laboratory. The growth
Cite this article:
Osteoarthritis is a common articular cartilage disorder and causes a significant global disease burden. Articular cartilage has a limited capacity of repair and there is increasing interest in the use of cell-based therapies to facilitate repair including the use of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs). There is some evidence in the literature that suggests that advancing age is associated with declining MSC function, including reduced proliferation and differentiation potential, and greater cellular apoptosis. In our study, we first performed a systematic review of the literature to determine the effects of chronological age on the in vitro properties of MSCs, and then performed a laboratory study to investigate these properties. We initially conducted a PRISMA systematic review of the literature to review the evidence base for the effects of chronological age on the in vitro properties of MSCs including cell numbers, expansion, cell surface characterization and differentiation potential. This was followed by laboratory based experiments to assess these properties. Tissue from patients undergoing total knee replacement surgery was used to isolate MSCs from the bone fragments using a method developed in our laboratory. The growth
Due to the presence of megakaryocytes, platelets and clotting factors, bone marrow aspirate (BMA) tends to coagulate. For the first time, starting from our previous studies on mesenchymal vertebral stem cells, it has been hypothesized that coagulated BMA represents a safe and effective autologous biological scaffold for bone regeneration in spinal surgery. The present research involved advanced preclinical in vitro models and the execution of a pilot clinical study. Evaluation of cell morphology, growth
We developed a novel silorane-based biomaterial (SBB) for use as an orthopedic cement. SBB is comprised of non-toxic silicon-based monomers, undergoes non-exothermic polymerization, and has weight-bearing strength required of orthopedic cements. We sought to compare the antibiotic release
Falls in adults are a major problem and can lead to injuries and death. In order to better understand falls and successful recoveries, identifying kinematics,