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Bone & Joint Research
Vol. 13, Issue 4 | Pages 137 - 148
1 Apr 2024
Lu Y Ho T Huang C Yeh S Chen S Tsao Y

Aims

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is known to induce several types of tissue regeneration by activating tissue-specific stem cells. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of PEDF 29-mer peptide in the damaged articular cartilage (AC) in rat osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) were isolated from rat bone marrow (BM) and used to evaluate the impact of 29-mer on chondrogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs in culture. Knee OA was induced in rats by a single intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in the right knees (set to day 0). The 29-mer dissolved in 5% hyaluronic acid (HA) was intra-articularly injected into right knees at day 8 and 12 after MIA injection. Subsequently, the therapeutic effect of the 29-mer/HA on OA was evaluated by the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) histopathological scoring system and changes in hind paw weight distribution, respectively. The regeneration of chondrocytes in damaged AC was detected by dual-immunostaining of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and chondrogenic markers.


Orthopaedic Proceedings
Vol. 105-B, Issue SUPP_17 | Pages 23 - 23
24 Nov 2023
Xie C Ren Y Weeks J Lekkala S Rainbolt J Xue T Shu Y Lee K de Mesy Bentley KL Yeh S Schwarz E
Full Access

Title

Longitudinal Intravital Imaging to Quantify the “Race for the Surface” Between Host Immune Cell and Bacteria for Orthopaedic Implants with S. aureus Colonization in a Murine Model

Aim

To assess S. aureus vs. host cell colonization of contaminated implants vis intravital multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (IV-MLSM) in a murine model.


Orthopaedic Proceedings
Vol. 92-B, Issue SUPP_I | Pages 74 - 74
1 Mar 2010
Breitbart E Meade S Yeh S Al-Zube L Azad V Lee Y Livingston-Arinzehand T Lin S
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Introduction/Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease affecting over 21 million Americans resulting in numerous systemic effects, one of which is impaired bone healing. This study was designed to determine the osteoinductive capacity of MSC augmentation in allograft incorporation within a critical size femoral defect model in rats with DM.

Materials/Methods: A 5mm critical size defect was created in the right femur of 40 male DM BB Wistar. Groups: DM/Allograft(All)+DBM and Non-DM/All+DBM: In two groups, the defect was filled with an allograft from a normal non-DM donor rat filled with approximately 0.05mm3 of DBM. DM/All+DBM/MSCs: In the experimental group, the defect was filled with All+DBM, and loaded with 10×106 MSC/mL. Histomorphometry: Animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks post-surgery, the femurs were processed for undecalcified histomorphometry, and seven areas of interest were measured.

Results: At 4 and 8 weeks the average bone formation within the defect and total bone formation in the DM/All+DBM/MSC group and at 8 weeks the average total bone formation in the Non-DM/All+DBM group was significantly increased compared to the DM/All+DBM group. No significance was found comparing the Non-DM/All+DBM and DM/All+DBM/MSC groups.

Discussion/Conclusions: This study reveals decreased amount of new bone formation in DM animals compared to Non-DM animals, showing the detrimental effects of DM upon allograft incorporation in a critical size defect. MSC augmentation resulted in new bone formation in DM animals similar to Non-DM animals, suggesting a potential role for MSC as an advjuvant during the process of allograft incorporation.


Orthopaedic Proceedings
Vol. 92-B, Issue SUPP_I | Pages 74 - 74
1 Mar 2010
Breitbart E Azad V Yeh S Al-Zube L Lin S
Full Access

Introduction/Background: This study was designed to determine the osteoinductive capacity of rhBMP-2 in a non-critical size femoral defect in normal rats and rats with diabetes mellitus (DM). It was hypothesized that DM would result in impaired bone regeneration in the femoral non-critical size defects due to reduced bone formation and local delivery of rhBMP-2 would accelerate non-DM healing and normalize impaired bone healing in DM rats to the levels of Non-DM bone healing.

Materials/Methods: A total of 80 BB Wistar rats were used in the project. A 3mm defect was created during surgery and stabilized with a polyimide plate and either a 0.05cc/11μg dose of rhBMP-2 or buffer in a collagen sponge was implanted into the defect. Microradiographs were taken on the day of sacrifice and processing of samples for PECAM-1 immunohistochemistry, histomorphometry, and mechanical testing was performed.

Results: Both Non-DM and DM groups treated with rhBMP-2 demonstrated significantly higher radiographic scoring, total new bone formation, BV quantification, and mechanical testing parameters compared to those treated with buffer at all timepoints with no significance noted between Non-DM and DM groups treated with rhBMP-2.

Discussion/Conclusions: This study reveals decreased amount of new bone formation in DM animals compared to Non-DM animals, showing the detrimental effects of DM upon bone healing. A single application of rhBMP-2 resulted in new bone formation in DM animals similar to Non-DM animals, suggesting a critical role for rhBMP-2 in ameliorating the deleterious effects of DM on bone regeneration and formation.

Besides these groups 15 more DM rats were used for PECAM-1 staining for angiogenesis (7 with 1 loss at a 3 week time point) and mechanical testing (8 at a 9 week time point).