Recently, computer-aided orthopaedic surgery has enabled three dimensional (3D) preoperative planning, navigation systems and patient matched instrument, and they provide good clinical results in total knee arthroplasty. However, the preoperative planning methods and the criteria in total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) still have not sufficiently established due to the uncertainty of 3D anatomical geometry of the elbow joints. In order to clarify the 3D anatomical geometry, this study measured 3D bone models of the normal elbow joints. Additionally this study attempted to apply the 3D preoperative planning to ordinary surgery. Then the postoperative position of implant has evaluated as compared with the position in 3D preoperative planning. Three dimensional bone measurements on 4 normal cases were performed. Three dimensional bone models were constructed with CT image using Bone Viewer®(ORTHREE Co., Ltd.). TEA was performed with FINE® Total Elbow System (Nakashima Medical Co., Ltd.) for 3 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cases (Fig. 1). Three dimensional preoperative planning was based on this bone measurement, and postoperative position of implant were evaluated. The postoperative assessments were evaluated by superimposing preoperative planning image on postoperative CT image using Bone Simulator® (ORTHREE Co., Ltd.). This study only covers humeral part.Introduction
Methods
The recent discovery of small non-coding RNAs, so-called micro RNAs (miRNAs), has provided new insights into cancer diagnosis. Several studies have shown that profiles of miRNA expression differ between normal tissue and tumour tissue and vary among tumour types. To exploit this difference, we evaluated the feasibility of using muscle-specific miRNAs (miR-1, 133a, 133b, 206) as biomarkers of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Total RNA was extracted from 16 cell lines (7 RMS, 4 neuroblastoma, 3 Ewing sarcoma and 2 malignant rhabdoid tumour) and 21 tumour specimens (7 RMS, 1 Ewing sarcoma, 4 undifferentiated sarcoma, 1 osteosarcoma, 1 alveolar soft part sarcoma, 2 neuroblastoma, 2 Wilms tumour, 1 malignant rhabdoid tumour, 1 adrenal carcinoma and 1 retinoblastoma). miRNA was quantified by real-time RT-PCR. The expression levels of miRNAs were calculated utilizing the delta-delta Ct method, normalised to the level of miR-16, and compared using the Mann-Whitney U test.Aim
Method
