To evaluate the effectiveness of core decompression using the tantalum trabecular metal system for treatment of an early stage osteonecrosis of femoral head in minimum 1 year to maximum 5 years follow-up.

From January 2003 to August 2007, 36 patients in 46 cases underwent core decompression using the tantalum trabecular metal system. The ARCO classification system was used. Retrospective analysis was done. The conversion to total hip arthroplasty due to aggravating hip pain was defined as a clinical failure.

With the higher stage of ARCO classification and more lateral location of lesion, the conversions to total hip arthroplasty would be increased. The better outcome was noted with lower stage of ARCO classification and more medial location of the lesion.

The higher stage of ARCO classification and more lateral position of lesion, the failure rate of the tantalum trabecular metal system increases. The most important thing is to detect early stage of osteonecrosis of femoral head. The tantalum trabecular metal system is considered as a useful treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head with lower stage of ARCO classification and medial location of lesion.