The long head of biceps tendon has been proposed as one of the pain generators in patients with rotator cuff tears. Many surgeons routinely perform tenotomy or tenodesis of the LHB especially in cases of large or massive RC tears. Purpose of this study is to evaluate the condition and position of the tenotomised LHB at a minimum of one year postoperatively.

Between 2006 and 2008 96 patients (41 men and 55 women) with RC tears were treated arthroscopically in our clinic, with an average age of 61.2 years (56–80). In 57 cases we proceeded to tenotomy of the LHB. Thirty one of them were available for ultrasound evaluation of the condition and the position of the tenotomised LHB one year post –tenotomy.

Intraoperatively the lesions of the LHB varied in degrees from significant hypertrophy- Hourglass deformity (6 cases), subluxation (10 cases), tendinitis (25 cases) to fraying (10 cases). Twelve months postoperatively all the patients reported pain relief and satisfaction from the operation, even in irreparable tears.

On ultrasound control the tendon was not found in the bicipital groove or was at its peripheral margin in 10 cases (31%) with only 3 patients having a positive Popeye sign. In the remaining patients the tendon was adhered on the wall of the groove (natural tenodesis).

Our results suggest that simple tenotomy of LHB results in pain relief and maintenance of muscle strength. The low percentage of Popeye Sign disputes the necessity for tenodesis, even in younger patients.