Traditionally correction of idiopathic paediatric scoliosis is done by hybrid fixation. This involves a judicious combination of mono-axial and poly-axial screw constructs. This has inherent perceived advantages with better deformity correction and maintaining alignment without loss of correction over time. Single centre retrospective review of prospective collected data on the radiological analysis of idiopathic paediatric scoliosis corrections. The study compared hybrid screw constructs (poly-axial & mono-axial) to all poly-axial screw constructs over 28 months.Introduction
Study design
To assess the clinical and radiologic outcome of MM patients with thoracic spine involvement and concomitant pathologic sternal fractures with a resultant severe sagittal plane deformity. A prospective cohort study (n=391) was performed over a 7-year period at a national tertiary referral centre for the management of multiple myeloma with spinal involvement. Clinical, serological and pathologic variables, radiologic findings, treatment strategies and outcome measures were prospectively collected. Pre-treatment and post-treatment clinical outcome measures utilised included EQ-5D, VAS, ODI and RMD scoring systems. 13 MM patients presented with a severe symptomatic progressive sagittal plane deformity with a history of pathologic thoracic compression fractures and concomitant pathologic sternal fracture. All patients with concomitant sternal fractures displayed the radiographic features and spinopelvic parameters of positive sagittal malalignment and attempted clinical compensation. All patients had poor health related quality of life measures when assessed. Pathologic sternal fracture in a MM patient with thoracic compression fractures is a risk factor for the development of a severe thoracic kyphotic deformity and sagittal malalignment. This has been demonstrated to be associated with a very poor health related quality of life.
To assess screw malposition rates and complications associated with pedicle screw insertion using 3D navigation technology. A retrospective study was undertaken for all cases where O-arm® and StealthStation® systems were used over a 2-year period. The primary outcome measure was return to theatre rates for pedicle screw malposition. A total of 938 screws were inserted (934 thoracolumbar and 4 cervical), and 103 patients underwent spinal fixation using O-arm® and StealthStation® navigation. 64 were revision cases and 39 primary cases. Average number of levels was 4.6. There were a total of 10 complications: 3 infections, 1 DVT, 1 PE, 1 fast atrial fibrillation (AF), 1 screw malposition, 1 non-union, 1 undisplaced vertebral body fracture and 1 nerve root compression following osteotomy. The percentage return to theatre for screw malposition using 3D navigation was 1% of patients and 0.1% of pedicle screws. No patients developed permanent neurological compromise. These systems provide accuracy that is comparable to traditional 2D fluoroscopic techniques. We advocate their use in the safe insertion of pedicle screws in complex revision deformity cases where original anatomical landmarks are absent or obscured. We also believe that radiation exposure is considerably less with navigation especially in these complex and revision cases.
Axial musculoskeletal control (AMC) is a widely used concept and has been shown to be an important factor in physical performance, the pathophysiology of back pain and other MSK conditions. However, there is no agreement on a definition of AMC, nor a validated test for AMC and its application in clinical practice. Our aim was to develop a test for AMC using the Delphi method from a panel of experts with video and analysis of the footage. We found that the most commonly used tests were the maintenance of neutral pelvic position in single leg stance, single leg stance with eyes closed and single leg squat. We aim to further validate our findings by comparing this to surface EMG recordings and centre of gravity measurements in stress situations.
