Aims. Cementless acetabular components rely on press-fit fixation for initial
Unstable distal tibia fractures are challenging injuries requiring surgical treatment. Intramedullary nails are frequently used; however, distal fragment fixation problems may arise, leading to delayed healing, malunion or nonunion. Recently, a novel angle-stable locking nail design has been developed that maintains the principle of relative construct
Abstract. Introduction. Mid-flexion instability may cause poor outcomes following TKA. Surgical technique, patient-specific factors, and implant design could all contribute to it, with modelling and fluoroscopy data suggesting the latter may be the root cause. However, current implants all pass the preclinical
The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is a known stabiliser of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). An injury to these structures can result in significant disability including pain, weakness and joint stiffness. The contribution each of its components makes to the
Introduction. Achieving an appropriate primary
Aims. To investigate if preoperative CT improves detection of unstable trochanteric hip fractures. Methods. A single-centre prospective study was conducted. Patients aged 65 years or older with trochanteric hip fractures admitted to Stavanger University Hospital (Stavanger, Norway) were consecutively included from September 2020 to January 2022. Radiographs and CT images of the fractures were obtained, and surgeons made individual assessments of the fractures based on these. The assessment was conducted according to a systematic protocol including three classification systems (AO/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA), Evans Jensen (EVJ), and Nakano) and questions addressing specific fracture patterns. An expert group provided a gold-standard assessment based on the CT images. Sensitivities and specificities of surgeons’ assessments were estimated and compared in regression models with correlations for the same patients. Intra- and inter-rater reliability were presented as Cohen’s kappa and Gwet’s agreement coefficient (AC1). Results. We included 120 fractures in 119 patients. Compared to radiographs, CT increased the sensitivity of detecting unstable trochanteric fractures from 63% to 70% (p = 0.028) and from 70% to 76% (p = 0.004) using AO/OTA and EVJ, respectively. Compared to radiographs alone, CT increased the sensitivity of detecting a large posterolateral trochanter major fragment or a comminuted trochanter major fragment from 63% to 76% (p = 0.002) and from 38% to 55% (p < 0.001), respectively. CT improved intra-rater reliability for
There is a need for non-radiographic, objective outcome measures for children with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). Standing balance and
Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the
Background. Supination-external rotation (SER) injuries make up 80% of all ankle fractures. SER stage 2 injuries (AITFL and Weber B) are considered stable. SER stage 3 injury includes disruption of the posterior malleolus (or PITFL). In SER stage 4 there is either medial malleolus fracture or deltoid injury too. SER 4 injuries have been considered unstable, requiring surgery. The deltoid ligament is a key component of ankle
The clinical success of osteochondral autografts is heavily reliant on their mechanical
Roentgen Stereophotogrammetric Analysis (RSA) is the gold standard for measuring implant micromotion thereby predicting implant loosening. Early migration has been associated with the risk of long-term clinical failure. We used RSA to assess the
Abstract. Introduction. MCL injuries often occur concurrently with ACL rupture – most noncontact ACL injuries occur in valgus and external rotation (ER) - and conservative MCL treatment leads to increased rate of ACL reconstruction failure. There has been little work developing effective MCL reconstructions. Methods. Cadaveric work measured MCL attachments by digitisation and radiographically, relating them to anatomical landmarks. The isometry of the superficial and deep MCL (sMCL and dMCL) and posterior oblique ligament (POL) was measured using fine sutures led to displacement transducers. Contributions to
Restoration a joint's articular surface following degenerative or traumatic pathology to the osteochondral unit pose a significant challenge. Recent advances have shown the utility of collagen-based scaffolds in the regeneration of osteochondral tissue. To provide these collagen scaffolds with the appropriate superstructure novel techniques in 3D printing have been investigated. This study investigates the use of polyɛ-caprolactone (PCL) collagen scaffolds in a porcine cadaveric model to establish the
Arthritis is a common and debilitating disease and is associated with an increased fall risk. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of impacted joint and limb on fall risk as measured by the margin of
Aims. One of the main causes of tibial revision surgery for total knee arthroplasty is aseptic loosening. Therefore, stable fixation between the tibial component and the cement, and between the tibial component and the bone, is essential. A factor that could influence the implant
Abstract. Introduction. Historic MCL reconstruction techniques focused on the superficial MCL to restore valgus
Shoulder arthroplasty humeral stem design has evolved to accommodate patient anatomy characteristics. As a result, stems are available in numerous shapes, coatings, lengths, sizes, and vary by fixation method. This abundance of stem options creates a surgical paradox of choice. Metrics describing stem
Aims. Exosomes (exo) are involved in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to investigate the function of dysfunctional chondrocyte-derived exo (DC-exo) on OA in rats and rat macrophages. Methods. Rat-derived chondrocytes were isolated, and DCs induced with interleukin (IL)-1β were used for exo isolation. Rats with OA (n = 36) or macrophages were treated with DC-exo or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Macrophage polarization and autophagy, and degradation and chondrocyte activity of cartilage tissues, were examined. RNA sequencing was used to detect genes differentially expressed in DC-exo, followed by RNA pull-down and ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation (RIP). Long non-coding RNA osteoarthritis non-coding transcript (OANCT) and phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 (PIK3R5) were depleted in DC-exo-treated macrophages and OA rats, in order to observe macrophage polarization and cartilage degradation. The PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway activity in cells and tissues was measured using western blot. Results. DC-exo inhibited macrophage autophagy (p = 0.002) and promoted M1 macrophage polarization (p = 0.002). DC-exo at 20 μg/ml induced collagen degradation (p < 0.001) and inflammatory cell infiltration (p = 0.023) in rats. OANCT was elevated in DC (p < 0.001) and in cartilage tissues of OA patients (p < 0.001), and positively correlated with patients’ Kellgren-Lawrence grade (p < 0.001). PIK3R5 was increased in DC-exo-treated cartilage tissues (p < 0.001), and OANCT bound to fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) (p < 0.001). FTO bound to PIK3R5 (p < 0.001) to inhibit the
Aims. Surgeons and most engineers believe that bone compaction improves implant primary
While high-performance ceramics like alumina and zirconia exhibit excellent wear resistance, they provide poor osseointegration capacity. As osseointegration is crucial for non-cemented joint prostheses, new techniques have been successfully developed for biofunctionalizing high-performance ceramic surfaces. Stable cell adhesion can be achieved by covalently bound specific peptides. In this study we investigate the effect of sterilization processes on organo-chemically functionalized surfaces. To enhance the performance of alumina-toughened zirconia ceramics (ATZ), a 3-aminopropyldiisopropylethoxysilane (APDS) monolayer was applied and coupled with cyclo-RGD peptides (cRGD) by using bifunctional crosslinker bis(sulfosuccinimidyl)suberat (BS³). The samples were sterilized using e-beam or gamma-sterilization at 25 kGy, either before or after biofunctionalization with cRGD. Functionalization