Aims. To examine the relationship of
Traumatic acute or chronic tendon injuries are a wide clinical problem in modern society, resulting in important economic burden to the health system and poor quality of life in patients. Due to the low cellularity and vascularity of tendon tissue the repair process is slow and inefficient, resulting in mechanically, structurally, and functionally inferior tissue. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are promising alternatives to the natural healing process for tendon repair, especially in the reconstruction of large damaged tissues. The aim of TRITONE project is to develop a smart, bioactive implantable 3D printed scaffold, able to reproduce the structural and functional properties of human tendon, using FDA approved materials and starting from MSC and their precursor, MPC cell mixtures from human donors. Total cohort selected in the last 12 months was divided in group 1 (N=20) of subjects with tendon injury and group 2 (N=20) of healthy subject. Groups were profiled and age and gender matched. Inclusion criteria were age>18 years and presence of informed consent. Ongoing pregnancy, antihypertensive treatment, cardiovascular diseases, ongoing treatment with anti-aggregants, acetylsalicylic-acid or lithium and age<18 years were exclusion criteria. Firstly, we defined clinical, biological, nutritional life style and genetic profile of the cohort. The deficiency of certain nutrients and
Objectives. Insufficient protein ingestion may affect muscle and bone mass, increasing the risk of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly, and especially in postmenopausal women. We evaluated how a low-protein diet affects bone parameters under gonadal hormone deficiency and the improvement led by hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with 17β-oestradiol. Methods. Female Wistar rats were divided into control (C), ovariectomized (OVX), and 17β-oestradiol-treated ovariectomized (OVX-HRT) groups, which were fed a control or an isocaloric low-protein diet (LP; 6.6% protein; seven animals per group). Morphometric, serum, and body composition parameters were assessed, as well as bone parameters, mechanical resistance, and mineralogy. Results. The results showed that protein restriction negatively affected body chemical composition and bone metabolism by the
Purpose: To investigate the effect of amifostine and dexrazoxane on bone mass of the vertebrae and femurs of doxorubicin treated male rats. Methods: Amifostine, Doxorubicin and Dexrazoxane were purchased from SMBD-Jewish General Hospital Pharmacy. Lactating Sprague Dawley dams with 14 male pups were purchased from Charles River Canada. At neonate day 10, rat pups were randomly divided into 4 groups of n=5. Pups were injected once intraperitoneally with either Phosphate Saline Buffer 1X (saline), or drugs, AMF (50 mg/kg), AMF + DOX (50 mg/kg +3 mg/ kg), or with AMF + DXR + DOX (50 mg/kg + 60 mg + 3 mg/kg, 20:1 DXR to DOX ratio). AMF and DXR were injected 30 minutes prior to the DOX injection. After injection, rat pups were returned to their mothers until weaning on neonate day 22. Rats were then sacrificed at day 38 (28 Post-Injection, PI). Bone mineral density (BMD) and micro computed tomography were analyzed. Results: Dissection of male pups days 1, 5 or 9 post-injection did not reveal any intestinal or organ damage. AMF treatment alone led to a slight but not significant increase in the right femoral, left femoral and lumbar vertebral BMDs. Similarly, AMF + DOX or AMF + DXR + DOX treated rats had no significant change in either femoral and vertebrae BMD. Conclusions: We recently showed that a single injection of DOX in young female rats is associated with low bone turnover resulting in vertebrae and femur bone growth deficits. However, no such a difference was detected when similarly treated males were examined. The role of
Cartilage-bone interactions play a critical role in joint diseases and the osteochondral junction has been identified as a locus of osteoarthritis development. However, it is challenging to study osteochondral (OC) interaction in vitro, since cartilage and bone require very different environments. We developed a new medium-to-high throughput osteochondral microphysiological system bioreactor to culture biphasic native or engineered constructs and that can be used to study any musculoskeletal tissue interfaces. We developed engineered constructs from hMSCs on a porous polymeric matrix with a gradient in pore size to assess the supportive effect of the local topology on cartilaginous and osseous differentiation. Furthermore, we developed a triphasic, vascualized osteochondral constructs based on porous polycaprolactone and methacrylated gelatin scaffolds to study the specific effects of vasculature on cartilage and bone. We also cultured native OC tissues from postmenopausal women, exposing either cartilage or bone to
Transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases in all organ systems. Despite its importance, NF-κB targeted drug therapy to mitigate chronic inflammation has had limited success in preclinical studies. We hypothesized that sex differences affect the response to NF-κB treatment during chronic inflammation in bone. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of NF-κB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) during chronic inflammation in male and female mice. We used a murine model of chronic inflammation induced by continuous intramedullary delivery of lipopolysaccharide-contaminated polyethylene particles (cPE) using an osmotic pump. Specimens were evaluated using micro-CT and histomorphometric analyses. Sex-specific osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation potentials were also investigated in vitro, including alkaline phosphatase, Alizarin Red, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, and gene expression using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Aims
Methods
Aims. The assessment of the potential pathological influence of Growth Hormone (hGH), Testosterone, Estradiol, Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone in the development of SCFE and the re-evaluation of the Harris theory (increased quotient of hGH/
In the pubertal growth plate,
Porcine and fish by-products in particular are rich sources for collagen, which is the main component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Although there are studies investigating different collagen derived from various tissue sources for the purpose of creating biomaterials, the comparison of biophysical, biochemical and biological properties of type II collagen isolated from cartilaginous tissues has yet to be assessed. In addition, it has been shown from previous studies that
The aims of this meta-analysis were to assess: 1) the prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in hip fracture patients; 2) the associated mortality rate and risk associated with COVID-19; 3) the patient demographics associated with COVID-19; 4) time of diagnosis; and 5) length of follow-up after diagnosis of COVID-19. Searches of PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar were performed in October 2020 in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Search terms included “hip”, “fracture”, and “COVID-19”. The criteria for inclusion were published clinical articles reporting the mortality rate associated with COVID-19 in hip fracture patients. In total, 53 articles were identified and following full text screening 28 articles satisfied the inclusion criteria.Aims
Methods
Up to 10% of fractures result in undesirable outcomes, for which female sex is a risk factor. Cellular sex differences have been implicated in these different healing processes. Better understanding of the mechanisms underlying bone healing and sex differences in this process is key to improved clinical outcomes. This study utilized a macrophage–mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) coculture system to determine: 1) the precise timing of proinflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophage transition for optimal bone formation; and 2) how such immunomodulation was affected by male A primary murine macrophage-MSC coculture system was used to demonstrate the optimal transition time from M1 to M2 (polarized from M1 with interleukin (IL)-4) macrophages to maximize matrix mineralization in male and female MSCs. Outcome variables included Alizarin Red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and osteocalcin protein secretion.Objectives
Methods
The osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) balance is of the utmost importance in fracture healing. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the impact of nonosteogenic factors on OPG and RANKL levels. Serum obtained from 51 patients with long bone fractures was collected over 48 weeks. The OPG and serum sRANKL (soluble RANKL) concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Smoking habit, diabetes, and alcohol consumption were recorded.Objectives
Methods
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, which results in increased bone fragility and fracture risk. Casein kinase 2-interacting protein-1 (CKIP-1) is a protein that plays an important role in regulation of bone formation. The effect of CKIP-1 on bone formation is mainly mediated through negative regulation of the bone morphogenetic protein pathway. In addition, CKIP-1 has an important role in the progression of osteoporosis. This review provides a summary of the recent studies on the role of CKIP-1 in osteoporosis development and treatment.
Ligaments which heal spontaneously have a healing process that
is similar to skin wound healing. Menopause impairs skin wound healing
and may likewise impair ligament healing. Our purpose in this study
was to investigate the effect of surgical menopause on ligament
healing in a rabbit medial collateral ligament model. Surgical menopause was induced with ovariohysterectomy surgery
in adult female rabbits. Ligament injury was created by making a
surgical gap in the midsubstance of the medial collateral ligament.
Ligaments were allowed to heal for six or 14 weeks in the presence
or absence of oestrogen before being compared with uninjured ligaments. Molecular
assessment examined the messenger ribonucleic acid levels for collagens,
proteoglycans, proteinases, hormone receptors, growth factors and
inflammatory mediators. Mechanical assessments examined ligament
laxity, total creep strain and failure stress.Objectives
Methods