Background:. Total knee replacement (TKR) is a frequent and effective surgery for knee osteoarthritis. Postoperative pain is under concern and can be relieved by different methods, including femoral nerve block (FNB). The efficacy of FNB on pain relief was associated with the absence of clinical impact when measured with the range of motion (ROM). Recent studies suggest that the quadriceps strength is the best indicator of functional recovery after TKR. The goal of this study is to compare the quadriceps strength recovery after TKR according to the kind of analgesia (patient control analgesia (PCA) with or without FNB) Hypothesis: the FNB delays the QSR at short and mid-term follow-up. Methods:. Prospective randomized trial with single-blind assessment involving 135 patients admitted for TKR in an academic center. Randomization into one of the three following groups: A) Continuous FNB 48h + PCA B) Single-shot FNB and PCA C) PCA alone. Groups were comparable for demographic and surgical data. The FNB was realised and controlled (electric stimulation) by an expert anesthesiologist before the surgery. Follow-up standardised in all groups with blinded assessors.
Our study is still in progress. The results mentioned in the abstract are preliminary results. The final results will be provided at the time of presentation. Over the past decade, the widespread availability of high-resolution ultrasonography coupled with advances in regional anaesthesia have popularised peripheral nerve blocks for anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLRs). The aim of this study is to investigate whether the femoral nerve block (FNB) administered at the time of ACLR has any long-term impact on the quadriceps strength as compared to patients who did not receive a FNB. This is a retrospective study. Four hundred charts of patients who underwent ACLR at our institution and had subsequent Biodex testing (an isokinetic rehabilitation test that provides objective information about muscle strength deficits and imbalances of the operated leg compared to the non-operated leg) from 2004 to 2015 were reviewed. Patients who had prior ipsilateral knee surgery, multi-ligament knee injury or at extreme ages were excluded from the study. The following baseline patient characteristics was recorded for each reviewed chart: age, sex, medical comorbidities, the date of the injury, date of the surgery, surgery technical notes and associated procedures, the surgeon, the hospital were the patient was operated, the Biodex test date and the Biodex test results. Data extraction assessed any association between the ACLR patients' who received FNB with the results of the Biodex test after completing the rehabilitation protocol. Descriptive statistics were used to compare the type of anaesthesia, mode of pain control and the results of the Biodex tests between patients grouped by the mode of anaesthesia used at the time of surgery (FNB versus no FNB). A multivariate regression model then compared quadriceps strength (inferred by Biodex test results) between groups while controlling for baseline differences between groups. Fifty five percent of the ACLR patients received FNB compared to 45% that did not receive FNB over the last 11 years of performing ACLRs (2004–2015) at our institute. Fifty percent of the patients that received FNB failed to achieve more than or equal to 80% quadriceps strength (compared to the contralateral non-operated leg) at 6 months on Biodex test. On the other hand, only 20% of the non-FNB group failed to achieve more than or equal to 80% quadriceps strength. This study lead us to think that ACLR patients that received FNB are significantly weaker in quadriceps strength at 6 months post ACLR in comparison to non-FNB ACLR patients. This finding subsequently might affect the time needed to return to sports and might indicate a considerable clinical consequence of the FNB on ACL-reconstruction patients.
Most of contemporary total knee systems address on improving of range of motion and bearing materials. Although new total knee designs in most systems accommodated the knee morphology according to gender differences, reestablishing of the same anterior offset of the distal femur during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has not been well addressed. Furthermore, in most total knee systems, the anterior offset of the femoral component is constant regardless of the increment of the femoral size. We hypothesized that change of the anterior offset of the distal femur during TKA might affect the quadriceps strength and immediate clinical outcomes which may result in improved design of the future femoral component. To evaluate the peak quadriceps strength and immediate clinical outcomes related to the change of anterior offset of the distal femur during TKA.Background
Purpose
Long term quadriceps strength defictis have been reported after a TKA performed with a quadriceps splitting approach. Will an MIS-TKA performed with a mini midvastus approach significantly improve long term quadriceps strength retention? 147 subjects were chosen in a retrospective manner for this study. 52 MIS-TKA, 48 quadriceps splitting TKA, and 47 controls with normal knees and no prior surgery. All groups were age and gender matched. All knees were tested more than 1 year after the index operation on a Cybex isokinetic dynamometer. All surgeries were performed by the author. The average Knee Society knee score for the MIS-TKA group was 94.3 and the average age was 71. The quadriceps splitting group had an average knee score of 95.7 and an average age of 72. The control group had an average age of 70. All groups averaged 38% male and 62% female. At 30 degrees from full extension the MIS-TKA group retained 96.6% of the control group strength and the quadriceps splitting group 94.5%. At 15 degrees from full extension the MIS-TKA group improved to 99.7% while the quadriceps splitting group fell to 85% of the control group strength. MIS TKA with a mini midvastus approach preserves terminal quadriceps strength better than a standard quadriceps splitting approach.
Introduction and Aim.
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has become a standard procedure with a documented good and excellent outcome of 70–90%. It has been demonstrated by previous research that all patients following surgery demonstrate a strength deficit of almost 20%. However it is not known whether these strength deficits have an influence on postoperative functionality. 52 consecutive patients (38 males and 14 females) were selected (mean age 27.9 years). All subjects were tested prior and 12 month following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Muscle strength was assessed using a Biodex dynamometer. Isometric strength was examined at 30 and 60 degrees of flexion. Isokinetic testing was performed at 180 degrees/sec and peak torque and symmetry indices were analysed. No correlations were found between the Cinncinnati Score and isokinetic peak torque for extension. A moderate significant (p=0.001–0.007) correlation (r=0.200.45) was found for peak flexion torque in ACL reconstructed patients. In ACL deficient patients symmetry indices (r=0.36–0.43, p=0.001–0.004) were moderately related to functionality for both flexion and extension.
Introduction. A total knee replacement is a proven cost-effective treatment for end-stage osteoarthritis, with a positive effect on pain and function. However, only 80% of the patients are satisfied after surgery. It is known that high preoperative expectations and residual postoperative pain are important determinants of satisfaction, but also malalignment, poor function and disturbed kinematics can be a cause. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the preoperative function and the postoperative patient reported outcomes PROMs) as well as the influence of the postoperative functional rehabilitation on the PROMs. Methods. 57 patients (mean 62,9j ± 10,6j), who suffer from knee osteoarthritis and who were scheduled for a total knee replacement at our centre, participated in this study. The range of motion of the knee, the muscle strength of the M. Quadriceps and the M. Hamstrings and the functional parameters (‘stair climbing test’ (SCT), ‘Sit to stand’ (STS) and ‘6 minutes walking test’ (6MWT)) were measured the night before surgery, ±6 months and ±1 year after surgery. This happened respectively with the use of a goniometer, HHD 2, stopwatch and the ‘DynaPort Hybrid’. Correlations between pre- and postoperative values were investigated. Secondly, a prediction was made about the influence of the preoperative parameters on on the subjective questionnaires (KOOS, OXFORD and KSS) as well as a linear and logistic regression. Results. 6 Months after surgery, an improvement of all parameters for ROM, muscle strength and functional status was found. With a significant difference for the active and passive ROM toward knee flexion (p=0.007;p=0.008), asymmetry in active and passive ROM toward flexion between the healthy leg and the leg with the TKA (p=0.001;p=0.001), Quadriceps- and Hamstrings strength (p=0.001;p<0.001), time of the STS test (p=0.012), time sit-stand (p=0.002), time stand-sit (p=0.001;p<0.001), all parameters for the 6MWT and the time of the SCT (p=0.001). Regarding the prediction model, the 6month PROMs can be predicted by some parameters for the 6MWT (distance (p=0.001), gait steps (p=0.002) and step time TKA (p=0.007)). These parameters are predictors for the score on the subscales ‘symptoms’ and ‘pain’ of the KOOS questionnaire. 1 Year after surgery, there is an improvement of all parameters, except for the active and passive ROM toward knee extension. However, these differences are not significant. The 1 year PROMs can only be predicted by the muscle strength (Quadriceps- and Hamstrings strength (p=0.026; p=0.039) and the asymmetry in
This multicenter study compared computer-navigated TKA using either MIS or conventional surgical technique, using a CR fixed bearing knee, Stryker Navigation system and dedicated MIS instrumentation. It was hypothesized that patients would benefit from the MIS technique by shorter recovery periods, less blood loss, faster wound healing and improved mobility during early rehabilitation. A prospective multicentre double-blind controlled trial included 69 patients matched for age, gender, BMI (MIS n=36, CONV n=33). Assessments at pre-op, 1 week, 3 and 6 months post-op included surgery time, bloodloss, range of motion, Knee Society Score (KSS) and WOMAC, Chair rise test and quadriceps strength. Radiographic analysis included radiographs for lucencies and CAT scans for alignment,. Four patients were lost to follow-up. The MIS group had significantly more prolonged surgery time and blood loss at 24 hours p<0.05. At 6 months mean flexion values for MIS (106,7°±12,91) and CONV 105,92 ±11,58) with no significant differences in flexion ROM between both groups at any time point. KSS scores showed a significant improvement (p<0,01) over time in both groups but no statistical significance between groups. WOMAC score also improved significantly (p<0,01) over time in both groups without reaching statistical significance. A significant decrease of anterior knee pain score was observed over time with no significant difference between both groups.
ACL injured patients show variability in the ability to perform functional activities (Button et al., 2006). It is unknown whether this is due to differences in physical capability or whether fear of re-injury plays a role. Fear of re-injury is not commonly addressed in rehabilitation. This study aimed to investigate whether fear of re-injury impacts rehabilitation of ACL injured patients. An initial group of five ACL reconstructed participants (ACLR, age: 30±11 years, weight: 815±115 N, height: 1.74±0.07 m, all male), five ACL deficient participants (ACLD, age: 31±12 years, weight: 833±227 N, height: 1.80±0.11 m, four male and one female), and five healthy controls (age: 30±3 years, weight: 704±126 N, height: 1.70±0.09 m, three male and two female) were compared. Fear of re-injury was assessed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (Kvist, 2004).
Purpose: To present our clinical and quality of life outcomes after one year treatment with our protocol including graft retention. Method: Seventeen of 1, 847 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery were identified as infected following retrospective chart review in our institution (University of Ottawa) from 1995 to 2005. Mean age was 37 years old (range 18–56). Gender ratio was 14 male/ three female. Laterality 13 left/ four right knees. The diagnosis was achieved by clinical suspicion and serum markers (ESR, CPR, WBC) followed with aspiration and culture of intraarticular liquid. After that, our treatment protocol included IV antibiotics (empiric and culture guided) and knee arthroscopy performing debridement and lavage with 12L of saline irrigation as well as graft retention when possible. Clinical and Radiographic data were collected at a minimum of one year follow-up (IKDC, KT-1000, Lysholm, SF-12, Tegner, Cybex Strength testing). Results: The Incidence of septic arthritis following ACL reconstruction was 0, 92%. Bacteriology results were as follows: seven staphylococcus aureus, four Propionibac-terium acnes, one Klebsiella oxytoca, five no growth. The time from ACL reconstruction to first symptoms of infection was 37 days (range 4–63). The time from symptoms to arthroscopic debridement was 5, 5 days (range 0–33). Serology markers were as follows: ESR mean 69 (range 23–128), CPR 136 (50–387), WBC 10.3 (6–15). The average follow up was 41 months (range 12–85). Sixteen of 17 grafts were retained after 1.53 procedures per patient. Antibiotic treatment lasted 5.2 weeks on average. The average clinical outcomes were: Lysholm 77 (44–98), IKDC 74 (46–95),
Introduction Following any intraarticular fracture, joint range of movement and muscle strength recovery are vital factors in patient’s return to activities. Quadriceps weakness is a known complication of any injury affecting the knee. The purpose of this study was to investigate the recovery of knee ROM and quadriceps and hamstrings muscle strength in the first year after tibial plateau fracture and to assess factors that affect the recovery. Method 63 patients were recruited over a 5-year period. Data regarding the age and sex of the patient, the mechanism of injury, the grade of the fracture according to Shatzker’s classification and the treatment received were recorded. All patients underwent a standard rehabilitation regime. At 3, 6 and 12 months after injury the patients were seen by a research physiotherapist. The range of movement was recorded. Thigh muscle peak torque was measured using isokinetic dynanmometry. The uninjured limb was used as the control – the peak torque in the injured limb was expressed as a percentage of the value in the uninjured limb to give the percentage recovery in the injured limb. Results There was an initial extension deficit of 7° at 3 months, which improved to 3° at 12 months.
The aim of this study was to examine whether tourniquet use can improve perioperative blood loss, early function recovery, and pain after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the setting of multiple-dose intravenous tranexamic acid. This was a prospective, randomized clinical trial including 180 patients undergoing TKA with multiple doses of intravenous tranexamic acid. One group was treated with a tourniquet during the entire procedure, the second group received a tourniquet during cementing, and the third group did not receive a tourniquet. All patients received the same protocol of intravenous tranexamic acid (20 mg/kg) before skin incision, and three and six hours later (10 mg/kg). The primary outcome measure was perioperative blood loss. Secondary outcome measures were creatine kinase (CK), CRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, limb swelling ratio, quadriceps strength, straight leg raising, range of motion (ROM), American Knee Society Score (KSS), and adverse events.Aims
Methods