Objectives. Ultraviolet (UV) light-mediated photofunctionalisation is known to improve osseointegration of pure titanium (Ti). However, histological examination of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V), which is frequently applied in orthopaedic and dental surgery, has not yet been performed. This study examined the osseointegration of photofunctionalised Ti6Al4V implants. Methods. Ti and Ti6Al4V implants were treated with UV light, and the chemical composition and contact angle on the surfaces were evaluated to confirm photofunctionalisation. The implants were inserted into femurs in rats, and the rats were killed two or four weeks after the surgery. For histomorphometric analysis, both the bone–implant contact (BIC) ratio and the bone volume (BV) ratio were calculated from histological analysis and microcomputed tomography data. Results. The amount of
The surface of pure titanium (Ti) shows decreased histocompatibility over time; this phenomenon is known as biological ageing. UV irradiation enables the reversal of biological ageing through photofunctionalisation, a physicochemical alteration of the titanium surface. Ti implants are sterilised by UV irradiation in dental surgery. However, orthopaedic biomaterials are usually composed of the alloy Ti6Al4V, for which the antibacterial effects of UV irradiation are unconfirmed. Here we evaluated the bactericidal and antimicrobial effects of treating Ti and Ti6Al4V with UV irradiation of a lower and briefer dose than previously reported, for applications in implant surgery. Ti and Ti6Al4V disks were prepared. To evaluate the bactericidal effect of UV irradiation, Objectives
Materials and Methods
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) are a promising strategy for orthopaedic applications, particularly in bone repair. Human ADMSCs were cultured in medium supplemented with HPL, Hplasma and a combination of HPL and Hplasma (HPL+Hplasma). Characteristics of these ADMSCs, including osteogenesis, were evaluated in comparison with those cultured in fetal bovine serum (FBS).Objectives
Methods
To assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a virtual fracture clinic (VFC) model, and supplement the literature regarding this service as recommended by The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the British Orthopaedic Association (BOA). This was a retrospective study including all patients (17 116) referred to fracture clinics in a London District General Hospital from May 2013 to April 2016, using hospital-level data. We used interrupted time series analysis with segmented regression, and direct before-and-after comparison, to study the impact of VFCs introduced in December 2014 on six clinical parameters and on local Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG) spend. Student’s Objectives
Methods
Cite this article: A. A. Abubakar, M. M. Noordin, T. I. Azmi, U. Kaka, M. Y. Loqman. The use of rats and mice as animal models in
Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound commonly found in the
skins of red grapes. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a human gene that is activated
by resveratrol and has been shown to promote longevity and boost
mitochondrial metabolism. We examined the effect of resveratrol
on normal and osteoarthritic (OA) human chondrocytes. Normal and OA chondrocytes were incubated with various concentrations
of resveratrol (1 µM, 10 µM, 25 µM and 50 µM) and cultured for 24,
48 or 72 hours or for six weeks. Cell proliferation, gene expression,
and senescence were evaluated.Background
Methods
Healing in cancellous metaphyseal bone might be different from
midshaft fracture healing due to different access to mesenchymal
stem cells, and because metaphyseal bone often heals without a cartilaginous
phase. Inflammation plays an important role in the healing of a
shaft fracture, but if metaphyseal injury is different, it is important
to clarify if the role of inflammation is also different. The biology
of fracture healing is also influenced by the degree of mechanical
stability. It is unclear if inflammation interacts with stability-related
factors. We investigated the role of inflammation in three different models:
a metaphyseal screw pull-out, a shaft fracture with unstable nailing
(IM-nail) and a stable external fixation (ExFix) model. For each,
half of the animals received dexamethasone to reduce inflammation,
and half received control injections. Mechanical and morphometric evaluation
was used.Objectives
Methods
Lengthening osteotomies of the calcaneus in children are in general
grafted with bone from the iliac crest. Artificial bone grafts have
been introduced, however, their structural and clinical durability
has not been documented. Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) is a very
accurate and precise method for measurements of rigid body movements including
the evaluation of joint implant and fracture stability, however,
RSA has not previously been used in clinical studies of calcaneal
osteotomies. We assessed the precision of RSA as a measurement tool
in a lateral calcaneal lengthening osteotomy (LCLO). LCLO was performed in six fixed adult cadaver feet. Tantalum
markers were inserted on each side of the osteotomy and in the cuboideum.
Lengthening was done with a plexiglas wedge. A total of 24 radiological
double examinations were obtained. Two feet were excluded due to
loose and poorly dispersed markers. Precision was assessed as systematic
bias and 95% repeatability limits.Objectives
Methods
To review the systemic impact of smoking on bone healing as evidenced
within the orthopaedic literature. A protocol was established and studies were sourced from five
electronic databases. Screening, data abstraction and quality assessment
was conducted by two review authors. Prospective and retrospective
clinical studies were included. The primary outcome measures were
based on clinical and/or radiological indicators of bone healing.
This review specifically focused on non-spinal orthopaedic studies.Objectives
Methods
