Aims. Rotator cuff muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration affect the clinical outcomes of rotator cuff tear patients. However, there is no effective treatment for fatty infiltration at this time. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) helps to activate beige adipose tissue. The goal of this study was to test the role of HIIT in improving muscle quality in a rotator cuff tear model via the β3 adrenergic receptor (β3AR). Methods. Three-month-old C57BL/6 J mice underwent a unilateral rotator cuff injury procedure. Mice were forced to run on a treadmill with the HIIT programme during the first to sixth weeks or seventh to 12th weeks after tendon tear surgery. To study the role of β3AR, SR59230A, a selective β3AR antagonist, was administered to mice ten minutes before each exercise through intraperitoneal injection.
The aim of this study was to describe a quantitative 3D CT method to measure rotator cuff muscle volume, atrophy, and balance in healthy controls and in three pathological shoulder cohorts. In all, 102 CT scans were included in the analysis: 46 healthy, 21 cuff tear arthropathy (CTA), 18 irreparable rotator cuff tear (IRCT), and 17 primary osteoarthritis (OA). The four rotator cuff muscles were manually segmented and their volume, including intramuscular fat, was calculated. The normalized volume (NV) of each muscle was calculated by dividing muscle volume to the patient’s scapular bone volume. Muscle volume and percentage of muscle atrophy were compared between muscles and between cohorts.Aims
Methods
Controversy about the use of an anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty
(aTSA) in young arthritic patients relates to which is the ideal
form of fixation for the glenoid component: cemented or cementless.
This study aimed to evaluate implant survival of aTSA when used
in patients aged < 60 years with primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis (OA),
and to compare the survival of cemented all-polyethylene and cementless
metal-backed glenoid components. A total of 69 consecutive aTSAs were performed in 67 patients
aged < 60 years with primary glenohumeral OA. Their mean age
at the time of surgery was 54 years (35 to 60). Of these aTSAs,
46 were undertaken using a cemented polyethylene component and 23
were undertaken using a cementless metal-backed component. The age, gender,
preoperative function, mobility, premorbid glenoid erosion, and
length of follow-up were comparable in the two groups. The patients
were reviewed clinically and radiographically at a mean of 10.3
years (5 to 12, Aims
Materials and Methods
The effects of disease progression and common tendinopathy treatments
on the tissue characteristics of human rotator cuff tendons have
not previously been evaluated in detail owing to a lack of suitable
sampling techniques. This study evaluated the structural characteristics
of torn human supraspinatus tendons across the full disease spectrum,
and the short-term effects of subacromial corticosteroid injections
(SCIs) and subacromial decompression (SAD) surgery on these structural
characteristics. Samples were collected inter-operatively from supraspinatus tendons
containing small, medium, large and massive full thickness tears
(n = 33). Using a novel minimally invasive biopsy technique, paired
samples were also collected from supraspinatus tendons containing
partial thickness tears either before and seven weeks after subacromial
SCI (n = 11), or before and seven weeks after SAD surgery (n = 14).
Macroscopically normal subscapularis tendons of older patients (n
= 5, mean age = 74.6 years) and supraspinatus tendons of younger
patients (n = 16, mean age = 23.3) served as controls. Ultra- and
micro-structural characteristics were assessed using atomic force
microscopy and polarised light microscopy respectively. Objectives
Methods
The most prevalent disorders of the shoulder are related to the
muscles of rotator cuff. In order to develop a mechanical method
for the evaluation of the rotator cuff muscles, we created a database
of isometric force generation by the rotator cuff muscles in normal
adult population. We hypothesised the existence of variations according
to age, gender and dominancy of limb. A total of 400 healthy adult volunteers were tested, classified
into groups of 50 men and women for each decade of life. Maximal
isometric force was measured at standardised positions for supraspinatus,
infraspinatus and subscapularis muscles in both shoulders in every
person. Torque of the force was calculated and normalised to lean body
mass. The profiles of mean torque-time curves for each age and gender
group were compared.Objectives
Methods
We performed a systematic review of the literature to determine
whether earlier surgical repair of acute rotator cuff tear (ARCT)
leads to superior post-operative clinical outcomes. The MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Libraries,
controlled-trials.com and clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched
using the terms: ‘rotator cuff’, or ‘supraspinatus’, or ‘infraspinatus’,
or ‘teres minor’, or ‘subscapularis’ AND ‘surgery’ or ‘repair’.
This gave a total of 15 833 articles. After deletion of duplicates
and the review of abstracts and full texts by two independent assessors,
15 studies reporting time to surgery for ARCT repair were included.
Studies were grouped based on time to surgery <
3 months (group
A, seven studies), or >
3 months (group B, eight studies). Weighted
means were calculated and compared using Student’s Aims
Methods
The pathogenesis of rotator cuff disease (RCD) is complex and
not fully understood. This systematic review set out to summarise
the histological and molecular changes that occur throughout the
spectrum of RCD. We conducted a systematic review of the scientific literature
with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.Introduction
Methods
