Objectives. Mechanical wear and corrosion at the head-stem junction of total hip arthroplasties (THAs) (trunnionosis) have been implicated in their early revision, most commonly in metal-on-metal (MOM) hips. We can isolate the role of the head-stem junction as the predominant source of metal release by investigating non-MOM hips; this can help to identify clinically significant volumes of material loss and corrosion from these surfaces. Methods. In this study we examined a series of 94 retrieved metal-on-polyethylene (MOP) hips for evidence of corrosion and material loss at the taper junction using a well published visual grading method and an established roundness-measuring machine protocol. Hips were retrieved from 74 male and 20 female patients with a median age of 57 years (30 to 76) and a median time to revision of 215 months (2 to 324). The
Metal particles detached from metal-on-metal hip prostheses (MoM-THA) have been shown to cause inflammation and destruction of tissues. To further explore this, we investigated the histopathology (aseptic lymphocyte-dominated vasculitis-associated lesions (ALVAL) score) and metal concentrations of the periprosthetic tissues obtained from patients who underwent revision knee arthroplasty. We also aimed to investigate whether accumulated metal debris was associated with ALVAL-type reactions in the synovium. Periprosthetic metal concentrations in the synovia and histopathological samples were analyzed from 230 patients from our institution from October 2016 to December 2019. An ordinal regression model was calculated to investigate the effect of the accumulated metals on the histopathological reaction of the synovia.Aims
Methods
Objectives. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine
the mid- to long-term clinical outcomes for a medial-pivot total
knee replacement (TKR) system. The objectives were to synthesise
available survivorship, Knee Society Scores (KSS), and reasons for
revision for this system. Methods. A systematic search was conducted of two online databases to
identify sources of survivorship, KSS, and
Objectives. The high revision rates of the DePuy Articular Surface Replacement (ASR) and the DePuy ASR XL (the total hip arthroplasty (THA) version) have led to questions over the viability of metal-on-metal (MoM) hip joints. Some designs of MoM hip joint do, however, have reasonable mid-term performance when implanted in appropriate patients. Investigations into the reasons for implant failure are important to offer help with the choice of implants and direction for future implant designs. One way to assess the performance of explanted hip prostheses is to measure the wear (in terms of material loss) on the joint surfaces. Methods. In this study, a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) was used to measure the wear on five failed cementless Biomet Magnum/ReCap/ Taperloc large head MoM THAs, along with one Biomet ReCap resurfacing joint. Surface roughness measurements were also taken. The
The main advantage of 3D-printed, off-the-shelf acetabular implants is the potential to promote enhanced bony fixation due to their controllable porous structure. In this study we investigated the extent of osseointegration in retrieved 3D-printed acetabular implants. We compared two groups, one made via 3D-printing (n = 7) and the other using conventional techniques (n = 7). We collected implant details, type of surgery and removal technique, patient demographics, and clinical history. Bone integration was assessed by macroscopic visual analysis, followed by sectioning to allow undecalcified histology on eight sections (~200 µm) for each implant. The outcome measures considered were area of bone attachment (%), extent of bone ingrowth (%), bone-implant contact (%), and depth of ingrowth (%), and these were quantified using a line-intercept method.Aims
Methods
There are concerns regarding initial stability and early periprosthetic fractures in cementless hip arthroplasty using short stems. This study aimed to investigate stress on the cortical bone around the stem and micromotions between the stem and cortical bone according to femoral stem length and positioning. In total, 12 femoral finite element models (FEMs) were constructed and tested in walking and stair-climbing. Femoral stems of three different lengths and two different positions were simulated, assuming press-fit fixation within each FEM. Stress on the cortical bone and micromotions between the stem and bone were measured in each condition.Aims
Methods
To investigate the effect of polyethylene manufacturing characteristics and irradiation dose on the survival of cemented and reverse hybrid total hip arthroplasties (THAs). In this registry study, data from the National Joint Registry of England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man (NJR) were linked with manufacturing data supplied by manufacturers. The primary endpoint was revision of any component. Cox proportional hazard regression was a primary analytic approach adjusting for competing risk of death, patient characteristics, head composition, and stem fixation.Aims
Methods
The Attune total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been used in over 600 000 patients worldwide. Registry data show good clinical outcome; however, concerns over the cement-tibial interface have been reported. We used retrieval analysis to give further insight into this controversial topic. We examined 12 titanium (Ti) PFC Sigma implants, eight cobalt-chromium (CoCr) PFC Sigma implants, eight cobalt-chromium PFC Sigma rotating platform (RP) implants, and 11 Attune implants. We used a peer-reviewed digital imaging method to quantify the amount of cement attached to the backside of each tibial tray. We then measured: 1) the size of tibial tray thickness, tray projections, peripheral lips, and undercuts; and 2) surface roughness (Ra) on the backside and keel of the trays. Statistical analyses were performed to investigate differences between the two designs.Objectives
Methods
Previous studies have suggested that metal-on-metal (MoM) Pinnacle (DePuy Synthes, Warsaw, Indiana) hip arthroplasties implanted after 2006 exhibit higher failure rates. This was attributed to the production of implants with reduced diametrical clearances between their bearing surfaces, which, it was speculated, were outside manufacturing tolerances. This study aimed to better understand the performance of Pinnacle Systems manufactured before and after this event. A total of 92 retrieved MoM Pinnacle hips were analyzed, of which 45 were implanted before 2007, and 47 from 2007 onwards. The ‘pre-2007’ group contained 45 implants retrieved from 21 male and 24 female patients, with a median age of 61.3 years (interquartile range (IQR) 57.1 to 65.5); the ‘2007 onwards’ group contained 47 implants retrieved from 19 male and 28 female patients, with a median age of 61.8 years (IQR 58.5 to 67.8). The volume of material lost from their bearing and taper surfaces was measured using coordinate and roundness measuring machines. These outcomes were then compared statistically using linear regression models, adjusting for potentially confounding factors.Objectives
Methods
Malalignment of the tibial component could influence the long-term survival of a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The object of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effect of varus and valgus malalignment on the tibial component under stance-phase gait cycle loading conditions. Validated finite element models for varus and valgus malalignment by 3° and 5° were developed to evaluate the effect of malalignment on the tibial component in TKA. Maximum contact stress and contact area on a polyethylene insert, maximum contact stress on patellar button and the collateral ligament force were investigated.Objectives
Methods
Because there have been no standard methods to determine pre-operatively
the thickness of resection of the proximal tibia in unicompartmental
knee arthroplasty (UKA), information about the relationship between
the change of limb alignment and the joint line elevation would
be useful for pre-operative planning. The purpose of this study
was to clarify the correlation between the change of limb alignment
and the change of joint line height at the medial compartment after
UKA. A consecutive series of 42 medial UKAs was reviewed retrospectively.
These patients were assessed radiographically both pre- and post-operatively
with standing anteroposterior radiographs. The thickness of bone
resection at the proximal tibia and the distal femur was measured
radiographically. The relationship between the change of femorotibial
angle (δFTA) and the change of joint line height, was analysed.Objectives
Methods
Wear of polyethylene inserts plays an important role in failure
of total knee replacement and can be monitored Before revision, the minimum joint space width values and their
locations on the insert were measured in 15 fully weight-bearing
radiographs. These measurements were compared with the actual minimum
thickness values and locations of the retrieved tibial inserts after
revision. Introduction
Method
An ongoing prospective study to investigate failing metal-on-metal
hip prostheses was commenced at our centre in 2008. We report on
the results of the analysis of the first consecutive 126 failed
mated total hip prostheses from a single manufacturer. Analysis was carried out using highly accurate coordinate measuring
to calculate volumetric and linear rates of the articular bearing
surfaces and also the surfaces of the taper junctions. The relationship
between taper wear rates and a number of variables, including bearing
diameter and orientation of the acetabular component, was investigated.Objectives
Methods
The aims of this piece of work were to: 1) record the background
concentrations of blood chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) concentrations
in a large group of subjects; 2) to compare blood/serum Cr and Co
concentrations with retrieved metal-on-metal (MoM) hip resurfacings;
3) to examine the distribution of Co and Cr in the serum and whole
blood of patients with MoM hip arthroplasties; and 4) to further
understand the partitioning of metal ions between the serum and
whole blood fractions. A total of 3042 blood samples donated to the local transfusion
centre were analysed to record Co and Cr concentrations. Also, 91
hip resurfacing devices from patients who had given pre-revision
blood/serum samples for metal ion analysis underwent volumetric
wear assessment using a coordinate measuring machine. Linear regression analysis
was carried out and receiver operating characteristic curves were
constructed to assess the reliability of metal ions to identify
abnormally wearing implants. The relationship between serum and
whole blood concentrations of Cr and Co in 1048 patients was analysed
using Bland-Altman charts. This relationship was further investigated
in an Objectives
Methods
