Objectives. In this study, we compared the
Aims. The involvement of cyclin D1 in the proliferation of microglia, and the generation and maintenance of bone cancer
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent degenerative joint disorder characterized by joint
Aims. Glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) is protective following cardiac myocyte ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, however the role of GIK in protecting skeletal muscle from IR injury has not been evaluated. Given the similar mechanisms by which cardiac and skeletal muscle sustain an IR injury, we hypothesized that GIK would similarly protect skeletal muscle viability. Methods. A total of 20 C57BL/6 male mice (10 control, 10 GIK) sustained a hindlimb IR injury using a 2.5-hour rubber band tourniquet. Immediately prior to tourniquet placement, a subcutaneous osmotic pump was placed which infused control mice with saline (0.9% sodium chloride) and treated mice with GIK (40% glucose, 50 U/l insulin, 80 mEq/L KCl, pH 4.5) at a rate of 16 µl/hr for 26.5 hours. At 24 hours following tourniquet removal, bilateral (tourniqueted and non-tourniqueted) gastrocnemius muscles were triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)-stained to quantify percentage muscle viability. Bilateral peroneal muscles were used for gene expression analysis, serum creatinine and creatine kinase activity were measured, and a validated murine ethogram was used to quantify
Aims. The presence of facet tropism has been correlated with an elevated susceptibility to lumbar disc pathology. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of facet tropism on chronic lumbosacral discogenic
Aims. MicroRNA-183 (miR-183) is known to play important roles in osteoarthritis (OA)
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Aims. The aim of this study was to examine whether tourniquet use can improve perioperative blood loss, early function recovery, and
Objectives. Although vertebroplasty is very effective for relieving acute
Objectives. The objective of this study was to assess the association between whole body sagittal balance and risk of falls in elderly patients who have sought treatment for back
Objectives. In order to elucidate the influence of sympathetic nerves on
lumbar radiculopathy, we investigated whether sympathectomy attenuated
pain behaviour and altered the electrical properties of the dorsal
root ganglion (DRG) neurons in a rat model of lumbar root constriction. Methods. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three experimental groups.
In the root constriction group, the left L5 spinal nerve root was
ligated proximal to the DRG as a lumbar radiculopathy model. In
the root constriction + sympathectomy group, sympathectomy was performed
after the root constriction procedure. In the control group, no
procedures were performed. In order to evaluate the
Objective. The objective of this study was to explore dimensionality of
the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and examine whether self-reported pain
and functioning can be distinguished in the form of subscales. Methods. This was a secondary data analysis of the UK NHS hospital episode
statistics/patient-reported outcome measures dataset containing
pre-operative OHS scores on 97 487 patients who were undergoing
hip replacement surgery. . Results. The proposed number of factors to extract depended on the method
of extraction employed. Velicer’s Minimum Average Partial test and
the Parallel Analysis suggested one factor, the Cattell’s scree
test and Kaiser-over-1 rule suggested two factors. Exploratory factor
analysis demonstrated that the two-factor OHS had most of the items saliently
loading either of the two factors. These factors were named ‘Pain’
and ‘Function’ and their respective subscales were created. There
was some cross-loading of items: 8 (pain on standing up from a chair)
and 11 (pain during work). These items were assigned to the ‘Pain’
subscale. The final ‘Pain’ subscale consisted of items 1, 8, 9, 10,
11 and 12. The ‘Function’ subscale consisted of items 2, 3, 4, 5,
6 and 7, with the recommended scoring of the subscales being from
0 (worst) to 100 (best). Cronbach’s alpha was 0.855 for the ‘Pain’
subscale and 0.861 for the ‘Function’ subscale. A confirmatory factor
analysis demonstrated that the two-factor model of the OHS had a better
fit. However, none of the one-factor or two-factor models was rejected. Conclusion. Factor analyses demonstrated that, in addition to current usage
as a single summary scale, separate information on
Aims. To identify the responsiveness, minimal clinically important difference (MCID), minimal clinical important change (MIC), and patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS) thresholds in the 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36) (v2) for each of the eight dimensions and the total score following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods. There were 3,321 patients undergoing primary TKA with preoperative and one-year postoperative SF-36 scores. At one-year patients were asked how satisfied they were and “How much did the knee arthroplasty surgery improve the quality of your life?”, which was graded as: great, moderate, little (n = 277), none (n = 98), or worse. Results. Physical function, role limitations due to physical problems (‘role physical’), bodily
Aims. Adenosine, lidocaine, and Mg. 2+. (ALM) therapy exerts differential immuno-inflammatory responses in males and females early after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). Our aim was to investigate sex-specific effects of ALM therapy on joint tissue repair and recovery 28 days after surgery. Methods. Male (n = 21) and female (n = 21) adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into ALM or Saline control treatment groups. Three days after ACL rupture, animals underwent ACLR. An ALM or saline intravenous infusion was commenced prior to skin incision, and continued for one hour. An intra-articular bolus of ALM or saline was also administered prior to skin closure. Animals were monitored to 28 days, and joint function,
Aims. Rotator cuff tear (RCT) is the leading cause of shoulder
Aims. To evaluate inducing osteoarthritis (OA) by surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) in mice with and without a stereomicroscope. Methods. Based on sample size calculation, 70 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to three surgery groups: DMM aided by a stereomicroscope; DMM by naked eye; or sham surgery. The group information was blinded to researchers. Mice underwent static weightbearing, von Frey test, and gait analysis at two-week intervals from eight to 16 weeks after surgery. Histological grade of OA was determined with the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system. Results. Surgical DMM with or without stereomicroscope led to decrease in the mean of weightbearing percentages (-20.64% vs -21.44%, p = 0.792) and paw withdrawal response thresholds (-21.35% vs -24.65%, p = 0.327) of the hind limbs. However, the coefficient of variation (CV) of weight-bearing percentages and paw withdrawal response thresholds in naked-eye group were significantly greater than that in the microscope group (19.82% vs 6.94%, p < 0.001; 21.85% vs 9.86%, p < 0.001). The gait analysis showed a similar pattern. Cartilage degeneration was observed in both DMM-surgery groups, evidenced by increased OARSI scores (summed score: 11.23 vs 11.43, p = 0.842), but the microscope group showed less variation in OARSI score than the naked-eye group (CV: 21.03% vs 32.44%; p = 0.032). Conclusion. Although surgical DMM aided by stereomicroscope is technically difficult, it produces a relatively more homogeneous OA model in terms of the discrete degree of
Aims. The use of 3D printing has become increasingly popular and has been widely used in orthopaedic surgery. There has been a trend towards an increasing number of publications in this field, but existing literature incorporates limited high-quality studies, and there is a lack of reports on outcomes. The aim of this study was to perform a scoping review with Level I evidence on the application and effectiveness of 3D printing. Methods. A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. The keywords used for the search criteria were ((3d print*) OR (rapid prototyp*) OR (additive manufactur*)) AND (orthopaedic). The inclusion criteria were: 1) use of 3D printing in orthopaedics, 2) randomized controlled trials, and 3) studies with participants/patients. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane Collaboration Tool and PEDro Score. Pooled analysis was performed. Results. Overall, 21 studies were included in our study with a pooled total of 932 participants. Pooled analysis showed that operating time (p < 0.001), blood loss (p < 0.001), fluoroscopy times (p < 0.001), bone union time (p < 0.001),
Aims. This study investigates the effects of intra-articular injection of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on lameness,
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are being used increasingly in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We conducted a systematic review aimed at identifying psychometrically sound PROMs by appraising their measurement properties. Studies concerning the development and/or evaluation of the measurement properties of PROMs used in a TKA population were systematically retrieved via PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus. Ratings for methodological quality and measurement properties were conducted according to updated COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) methodology. Of the 155 articles on 34 instruments included, nine PROMs met the minimum requirements for psychometric validation and can be recommended to use as measures of TKA outcome: Oxford Knee Score (OKS); OKS–Activity and Participation Questionnaire (OKS-APQ); 12-item short form Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome (KOOS-12); KOOS Physical function Short form (KOOS-PS); Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index-Total Knee Replacement function short form (WOMAC-TKR); Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS); Forgotten Joint Score (FJS); Patient’s Knee Implant Performance (PKIP); and University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) activity score. The