Abstract
Introduction
Arthrodesis of the 1st metatarso-phalangeal joint (MTPJ) is a common procedure in forefoot surgery for hallux rigidus and severe hallux valgus. Debate persists on two issues - the best preparation method for the articular surfaces, and the optimal technique for operative stabilisation of the joint.
Methods
We performed 1st MTPJ arthrodesis in 100 patients randomized into two equal groups. In the first group, the articular surfaces were prepared using cup-and-cone reamers, whilst in the second group, ‘flat cut’ osteotomies were performed with an oscillating saw. In all other respects, their treatment was identical. Fixation was secured using a plantar double compression Fixos™ screw and dorsal Anchorage™ plate. Full weight-bearing was allowed on the first post-operative day. Patients completed self-administered satisfaction questionnaires, including an AOFAS and SF-36 score pre-operatively and at two and six months post-operatively. Clinical examination and radiographs were compared at zero, two and six months. Statistical analysis was performed using Instat.
Results
Radiographic union of the 1st MTPJ was documented in 45/50 patients in the reamer group and 42/50 in the ‘flat-cut’ group at two months and in all patients at six months. The AOFAS score improved from a mean of 46 +/− 15 pre-operatively to 72 +/−8 (out of 90) at two months and 83 +/− 4 (out of 90) at six months. SF-36 subscales for bodily pain and for physical function increased from 42.4 +/− 16.1 and 37.3 +/− 12.8 respectively pre-operatively to 82.2 +/− 11.2 and 84.6 +/− 9.3 respectively at six months. There was no statistically significant difference between groups.
Conclusions
Arthrodesis of the 1st MTPJ with the Anchorage™ plate and compression screw gives excellent clinical and radiographic results. Preparation method does not affect early outcomes but may influence important technical points such as length of the first ray or inter-phalangeal angle.
