CLINICAL PERFORMANCE OF AN ALUMINA CERAMIC FEMORAL COMPONENT IN TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY

Abstract

A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of an alumina-based total knee arthroplasty system (Low Friction Anatomical, LFA, Kyocera, Kyoto, Japan). The system, which uses modern materials and contemporary component design, has been in clinical use in Japan since 1992. The system uses an alumina femoral component that articulates against standard polyethylene tibial and patellar components.

The retrospective study evaluated the clinical performance of amodern-style ceramic femoral component and included 60 knees (49 patients) with an average follow-up of 3.8 years. Clinical outcomes were assessed by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) Knee Rating Scale, which is comparable to the Knee Society Rating Scale used in the United States. Radiographic outcomes were assessed by the operating surgeon and another independent reviewer. The radiographs were reviewed for the presence or absence of lytic lines, implant and anatomical alignment, and other pertinent radiographic findings. Complications during the follow-up period were noted.

Total knee replacement with the LFA system improved JOA scores in 98% of the cases. Mechanical and prosthetic alignment were satisfactory for all knees. The following results were noted:

1. No fractures or failures associated with the alumina ceramic femoral component

2. No problems with subsidence or abnormal bone remodeling

3. Absence of lytic lines in 96% of cases

4. Absence of complication in 94% of cases

5. Overall success rate of 96% at an average follow-up of 3.8 years.

An alumina-based total knee replacement system was found to be a safe and effective means of treating the arthritic knee joint. The use of ceramics in total knee arthroplasty applications provides an opportunity for a low friction bearing interface and a completely metal-free total joint system.